12 August 2025 : Clinical Research
Electrocardiographic Indicators of Left Atrial Remodeling in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Sebastian Sawonik
ABCDEFG 1, Andrzej P. Wysokiński ADG 2, Tomasz Zapolski ABCDEFG 2*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947360
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947360
Table 4 Clinical data and echocardiographic and electrocardiographic indices in male study group and control group
| CategoryValue | Valuwe | Total menn=99 | With stroken=73 | Control group (without stroke)n=26 | Test | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years] | 36–92 | 71.3 (±10.1) | 72.9 (±9.9) | 66.9 (±5.3) | MWU: 127.00; z=4.18 | ||
| Heart failure [n (%)] | 21 (24.4) | 19 (26.0) | 4 (15.4) | χ=0.22 | p>0.05 | ||
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 69 (80.2) | 61 (83.6) | 16 (61.5) | χ=2.32 | p>0.05 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 18 (20.9) | 17 (23.3) | 2 (7.7) | χ=0.82 | p>0.05 | ||
| Ischemic heart disease [n (%)] | 33 (38.4) | 28 (38.4) | 10 (38.5) | χ=0.09 | p>0.05 | ||
| Echocardiographic parameters | LAA [cm] | 18–49 | 24.7 (±6.8) | 29.5 (±10.3) | 22.5 (±3.0) | MWU: 22.50; z=1.40 | p>0.05 |
| RAA [cm] | 15–26 | 19.9 (±3.1) | 22.0 (±2.9) | 19.3 (±3.0) | MWU: 15.50; z=1.13 | p>0.05 | |
| LAD [cm] | 3.30–5.70 | 4.4 (±0.6) | 4.4 (±0.6) | 4.3 (±0.5) | MWU: 215.50; z=0.79 | p>0.05 | |
| EF [%] | 28–66 | 53.3 (±9.9) | 51.3 (±10.2) | 59.2 (±6.1) | MWU: 116.50; z=−2.81 | ||
| PWD in the lead I [ms] | 59.4 (±44.7) | 53.1 (±45.1) | 95.1 (±19.2) | MWU: 217.00; z=−3.10 | |||
| PWD in the lead I >110ms [n (%)] | 71 (82.6) | 63 (86.3) | 24 (92.3) | χ=0.37 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead II [ms] | 64.8 (±41.1) | 62.1 (±42.7) | 80 (±26.8) | MWU: 424.50; z=−0.60 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead III [ms] | 56.6 (±40.1) | 51.9 (±40.5) | 82.9 (±25.2) | MWU: 305,50; z=−2.03 | |||
| PWD in the lead aVF [ms] | 60.7 (±39.2) | 59.7 (±41.1) | 66.5 (±26.3) | MWU: 428.00; z=0.55 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead aVL [ms] | 46. (±38.2) | 43.1 (±39.7) | 61.9 (±23.1) | MWU: 365.50; z=−1.31 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead aVR [ms] | 62.5 (±41.9) | 61.7 (±44.5) | 67.2 (±23.1) | MWU: 463.00; z=0,13 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead V [ms] | 84.5 (±26.1) | 84.8 (±26.9) | 82.5 (±21.6) | MWU: 438.50; z=0.43 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead V [ms] | 43.9 (±34.2) | 41.0 (±35.7) | 60.1 (±17.16) | MWU: 349.00; z=−1.51 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead V [ms] | 52.6 (±33.9) | 50.0 (±35.2) | 67.1 (±21.3) | MWU: 403.00; z=−0.86 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead V [ms] | 56.8 (±38.9) | 53.4 (±39.9) | 75.5 (±16.9) | MWU: 353.00; z=−0.46 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWD in the lead V [ms] | 59.3 (±39.1) | 56.7 (±40.4) | 74.3 (±27.4) | MWU: 435.50; z=−0.46 | p>0.06 | ||
| PWD in the lead V [ms] | 56.6 (±39.4) | 54.0 (±41.1) | 71.3 (±24.5) | MWU: 408.50; z=−0.46 | p>0.05 | ||
| P max [ms] | 103.7 (±17.2) | 102.8 (±17.2) | 108.5 (±17.3) | MWU: 390.00; z=−1.01 | p>0.05 | ||
| P min [ms] | 24.5 (±25.1) | 48.5 (±16.6) | 50.2 (±14.4) | MWU: 180.50; z=−3.54 | |||
| PWDI [ms] | 79.2 (±21.8) | 54.3 (±21.8) | 58.2 (±17.2) | MWU: 171.50; z=−3.65 | |||
| PWDNV [ms] | 55.5 (±24.4) | 56.7 (±25.9) | 48.7 (±11.6) | MWU: 308.00; z=2.00 | |||
| PWTF [mcV*ms] | 4623.5 (±3460.5) | 4801.6 (±3695.4) | 3623.1 (±1269.0) | MWU: 382.50; z=1.10 | p>0.05 | ||
| PWTF <4000 mcV*ms [n (%)] | 46 (46.5) | 30 (41.1) | 16 (61.6) | χ=0.30 | p>0.05 | ||
| P/PWTFV/PWDNV in normal range [n (%)] | 12 (12.1) | 10 (13.7) | 2 (7.7) | χ=0.51 | p>0.05 | ||
| P/PWTFV/PWDNV/PWDI in normal range [n (%)] | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.7) | χ=0.96 | p>0.05 | ||
| LAA – left atrium area; LA – left atrium; LAD – left atrial dimension [M-mode in parasternal long axis view – PLAX]; LVEF – left ventricular ejection fraction; n – the total number of patients in the sample; P – the longest P wave duration; P – shortest P wave duration; PWD – P wave duration; PWDI – P wave dispersion; PWDNV – duration of the negative P phase in V; PWTFV – P wave terminal force in V1; RAA – right atrium area. | |||||||