28 May 2025 : Clinical Research
Effect of Initial Glucose Tolerance Test Response on Pregnancy Outcomes in Type A1 Gestational Diabetes
Peishan Li ABCE 1, Yunyun Liu ABC 1, Sijie Pu B 1, Zhenghua Xiao AE 1*, Xue Liu AE 1DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947377
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947377
Table 3 The data are presented in 2 distinct formats: mean±standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and number of people (percentage) for categorical variables.
| NP (n=151) | GDM | Pa value | Pb value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDM (n=281) | IFH (n=47) | IPH (n=172) | CH (n=62) | ||||
| 1-min APGAR | 9.9±0.4 | 9.68±0.9 | 9.7±0.4 | 9.6±1.0 | 9.8±0.7 | <0.001*** | 0.02* |
| 5-min APGAR | 9.99±0.16 | 9.95±0.3 | 10±0 | 9.9±0.3 | 9.9±0.3 | 0.06 | 0.24 |
| 10-min APGAR | 9.99±0.08 | 9.97±0.1 | 10±0 | 9.9±0.1 | 9.9±0.1 | 0.1 | 0.55 |
| Neonatal weight (g) | 3291.51±390.3 | 3199.2±580.2 | 3296.7±495.5 | 3145.2±571.4 | 3277.1±654.1 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| Premature rupture of membranes n (%) | 17 (11.3) | 57 (20.2) | 12 (25.5) | 38 (22.1) | 7 (11.3) | 0.02* | 0.12 |
| Preterm premature rupture of the membranes n (%) | 4 (2.6) | 11 (3.9) | 3 (6.4) | 8 (4.7) | 0 | 0.59 | 0.17 |
| Infant mortality n | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Admitted to the NICU n (%) | 5 (3.3) | 32 (11.3) | 5 (10.6) | 19 (11.0) | 8 (12.9) | <0.01** | 0.91 |
| Fetal growth restriction n (%) | 4 (2.6) | 11 (3.9) | 0 | 10 (5.8) | 1 (1.6) | 0.59 | 0.07 |
| Fetal fetal macrosomia n (%) | 3 (2.0) | 11 (3.9) | 4 (8.5) | 2 (1.2) | 5 (8.1) | 0.39 | 0.01* |
| Fetal distress n (%) | 2 (1.3) | 7 (2.5) | 5 (2.1) | 2 (1.2) | 0 | 0.5 | 0.55 |
| Premature birth n (%) | 5 (3.3) | 35 (12.4) | 6 (12.8) | 20 (11.6) | 9 (14.5) | <0.01** | 0.83 |
| – value between the normal pregnancy group and the GDM group; – value for comparing the 3 subgroups. * ** *** 0.001. GDM – gestational diabetes mellitus; NP – normal pregnancy; IFH – isolated fasting hyperglycemia; IPH – isolated post-load hyperglycemia; NICU – Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. | |||||||