01 July 2025 : Clinical Research
Model Construction for Predicting Preoperative Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Gadoxetic Acid Disodium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined with Serology
Siman Sheng ABCDEF 1, Xu Fu ABCDEF 2, Mengjie Li ABCDEF 1, Wei Ye BCDE 3, Xiaoyu Chen BCDEF 3, Chuang Chen ABCDEFG 1*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947809
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947809
Table 1 Comparison of baseline clinical data between the training and validation groups.
| Characteristic | All patients | Training group | Validation group | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex [n (%)] | ||||
| Male | 95 (79.2) | 67 (79.8) | 28 (77.8) | 0.806 |
| Female | 25 (20.8) | 17 (20.2) | 8 (22.2) | |
| Age [mean±SD years] | 58.78±10.58 | 59.14±10.74 | 57.94±10.28 | 0.572 |
| WBC [mean±SD 10/L] | 5.63±2.15 | 5.65±2.20 | 5.57±2.06 | 0.854 |
| ALT [M(IQR) U/L] | 30.50 (21.40, 46.00) | 31.60 (21.40, 48.33) | 29.50 (21.35, 45.50) | 0.852 |
| AST [M(IQR) U/L] | 32.00 (24.10, 46.75) | 32.50 (25.48, 45.75) | 31.40 (23.15, 50.83) | 0.433 |
| TBil [M(IQR) μmol/L] | 14.31 (11.63, 19.95) | 15.83 (12.44, 20.27) | 13.30 (11.60, 15.97) | 0.068 |
| AFP [M(IQR) ng/mL] | 40.50 (5.80, 156.05) | 40.50 (7.47, 146.48) | 40.35 (3.85, 218.10) | 0.766 |
| ALP [M(IQR)U/L] | 99.50 (78.25, 126.75) | 93.00 (77.25, 122.75) | 106.50 (89.00, 139.75) | 0.093 |
| PLR [M(IQR)] | 103.41 (76.79, 145.05) | 99.96 (77.84, 138.36) | 118.10 (75.24, 155.80) | 0.551 |
| NLR [M(IQR)] | 2.58 (1.69, 3.76) | 2.72 (1.69, 3.95) | 2.42 (1.62, 3.27) | 0.175 |
| CAR [M(IQR)] | 0.13 (0.08, 0.15) | 0.13 (0.08, 0.14) | 0.11 (0.07, 0.15) | 0.536 |
| HBsAg [n (%)] | ||||
| Positive | 82 (68.3) | 55 (65.5) | 27 (75.0) | 0.304 |
| Negative | 38 (31.7) | 29 (34.5) | 9 (25.0) | |
| Size [M(IQR) cm] | 3.50 (2.34, 5.80) | 3.45 (2.46, 5.00) | 4.00 (2.13, 7.20) | 0.429 |
| Tumor typing [n (%)] | ||||
| Infiltrating type | 33 (27.5) | 26 (31.0) | 7 (19.4) | 0.196 |
| Non-infiltrating type | 87 (72.5) | 58 (69.0) | 29 (80.6) | |
| Arterial phase | ||||
| Peritumoral enhancement [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 19 (15.8) | 14 (16.7) | 5 (13.9) | 0.702 |
| No | 101 (84.2) | 70 (83.3) | 31 (86.1) | |
| Periarterial high signal ring [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 35 (29.2) | 22 (26.2) | 13 (36.1) | 0.273 |
| No | 85 (70.8) | 62 (73.8) | 23 (63.9) | |
| Hepatobiliary phase | ||||
| Tumor signal [n (%)] | ||||
| High or mixed signals | 54 (45.0) | 34 (40.5) | 20 (55.6) | 0.128 |
| Low signal | 66 (55.0) | 50 (59.5) | 16 (44.4) | |
| Peritumoral hypointensity [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 19 (15.8) | 10 (11.9) | 9 (25.0) | 0.072 |
| No | 101 (84.2) | 74 (88.1) | 27 (75.0) | |
| WBC – white blood cell; ALT – alanine aminotransferase; AST – aspartate aminotransferase; TBil – total bilirubin; AFP – alpha-fetoprotein; ALP – alkaline phosphatase; PLR – platelet to lymphocyte ratio; NLR – neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; CAR – C-reactive protein to albumin ratio; HBsAg – hepatitis B virus surface antigen. | ||||