Comparative Study of the Rehabilitation Exercise 5R System and Aerobic Exercise on Postpartum Recovery: Impacts on Muscle Function and Metabolic Health

Na-eun Byeon; Jang-hoon Shin; So-jung Kim; Woo-sung Kim; Wan-hee Lee

doi:10.12659/MSM.947877

30 July 2025 : Clinical Research

Comparative Study of the Rehabilitation Exercise 5R System and Aerobic Exercise on Postpartum Recovery: Impacts on Muscle Function and Metabolic Health

Na-eun Byeon^{ABCDEF 1}, Jang-hoon Shin^{AF 2}, So-jung Kim^{ABD 3}, Woo-sung Kim^{AD 3}, Wan-hee Lee^{AG 1*}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947877

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947877

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Table 3 IRD and muscle thickness results.

Measurement	Variable	Time	Group 1Mean±SD	Group 2Mean±SD	Group 3Mean±SD	Statistics (Group*Time)	P value	Partial (η2)
IRD (mm)	Superior umbilicus	Pre	1.45±0.23	1.56±0.37	1.64±0.38	F=0.450	p=0.718	0.017
		Mid	1.27±0.20	1.39±0.26	1.43±0.21
		Post	1.10±0.15	1.15±0.26	1.29±0.27
	Umbilicus +2.5 cm	Pre	1.28±0.26	1.32±0.30	1.35±0.27	F=1.368	p=0.255	0.049
		Mid	0.98±0.22	1.13±0.22	1.18±0.28
		Post	0.89±0.20	1.01±0.22	1.14±0.28
	Inferior umbilicus	Pre	1.41±0.38	1.46±0.38	1.51±0.37	F=0.856	p=0.493	0.031
		Mid	1.18±0.31	1.33±0.37	1.34±0.32
		Post	1.06±0.30	1.19±0.23	1.31±0.35
	Umbilicus −2.5 cm	Pre	1.17±0.34	1.24±0.34	1.28±0.29	F=0.439	p=0.780	0.016
		Mid	0.96±0.31	1.08±0.21	1.15±0.25
		Post	0.88±0.25	0.99±0.16	1.09±0.26
Muscle thickness (mm)	TAT_rest	Pre	0.21±0.06	0.19±0.04	0.17±0.03	F=0.494	p=0.703	0.018
		Mid	0.22±0.04	0.18±0.04	0.17±0.03
		Post	0.20±0.03	0.18±0.02	0.17±0.03
	TAT_con	Pre	0.48±0.12	0.45±0.11	0.42±0.10	F=0.825	p=0.512	0.030
		Mid	0.50±0.11	0.43±0.10	0.45±0.12
		Post	0.54±0.14	0.45±0.11	0.45±0.13
	QFT_rest	Pre	2.80±0.58	3.01±0.52	3.11±0.38	F=5.561	p=0.000^*	0.173
		Mid	2.89±0.51	3.05±0.52	2.83±0.35
		Post	3.08±0.46	2.97±0.51	2.74±0.35
	QFT_con	Pre	3.53±0.43	3.60±0.47	3.75±0.35	F=4.204	p=0.005^*	0.137
		Mid	3.76±0.41	3.81±0.55	3.77±0.35
		Post	3.97±0.30	3.78±0.46	3.87±0.28
	GMT_rest	Pre	1.59±0.44	1.52±0.40	1.42±0.30	F=2.642	p=0.046^*	0.091
		Mid	1.52±0.29	1.47±0.28	1.33±0.33
		Post	1.58±0.36	1.25±0.26	1.29±0.23
	GMT_con	Pre	4.20±0.72	4.04±0.56	4.15±0.43	F=3.860	p=0.008^*	0.127
		Mid	4.57±0.62	4.18±0.55	4.25±0.46
		Post	4.82±0.64	4.16±0.65	4.16±0.58
SD – standard deviation; pre – 0 week; mid – 6 weeks; post – 12 weeks; IRD – inter-recti distance; RAT – rectus abdominis thickness; TAT – transverse abdominis thickness; QFT – quadriceps femoris thickness; GMT – gluteus maximus thickness; relx – relaxed state; con – contracted state. ^* p

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Comparative Study of the Rehabilitation Exercise 5R System and Aerobic Exercise on Postpartum Recovery: Impacts on Muscle Function and Metabolic Health

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