Ultrasound Measurement of Pupillary Dilation Reflex During Induction of General Anesthesia Using Sufentanil: A Randomized Controlled Trial

23 June 2025 : Clinical Research

Liji Xing^{ABCDEF 1}, Hong Xie^{ADF 1}, Xuelan Zhou^{ABC 1}, Jiang Zhu^{AD 1}, Hairui Liu^{ABDEG 1*}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948209

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948209

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Table 2 PDR parameters during the induction of general anesthesia.

Group	P (n=30)	S1 (n=31)	S2 (n=28)
T1	3.12 (0.83)^#	3.21 (0.92)^#	3.24 (0.85) ^#
T2	3.03 (1.35)^@	1.65 (0.31)^a	1.63 (0.27)^a
T3	4.22 (1.28)^*	2.14 (0.39)^a	1.71 (0.5)^a
PDRA (mm)	1.15 (0.81~1.82)^b	0.44 (0.34~0.66)^a	0.13 (0~0.35)^a
PDRR (%)	53.8 (29.6~74.1)^b	26.5 (22.4~35.3)^a	9.3 (0~21.6)^a
T1 – after loss of consciousness; T2 – 180 s after intravenous injection of sufentanil; T3 – the moment of the maximum pupil diameter. PDRA – pupillary dilation reflex amplitude (PD-PD); PDRR – pupillary dilation reflex rate [(PD-PD)/PD]. ^a ^b ^c ^* ^# ^@

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