17 December 2025 : Clinical Research
Reduced Methylation of IRF5 Gene as a Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Mateusz Kunysz
ABCDEFG 1*, Marek Cieśla ABCDEF 2, Olimpia Mora-Janiszewska ABCDEF 1, Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz ADE 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948320
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948320
Table 1 Subjects’ characteristics. Data are presented as mean±SD; number (%) or median (25th–75th percentile).
| Characteristic | GDM | Controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 32.3±5.36 | 30.1±3.61 | 0.13 |
| Weight (kg) | 75.9±12.2 | 74.9±9.3 | 0.75 |
| BMI (kg/m) | 28.7±4.1 | 27.5±3.5 | 0.33 |
| Primipara, n (%) | 10 (25.6) | 10 (43.5) | 0.24 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 78 (70–85) | 78 (74–81) | 0.74 |
| Birth by cesarean section, n (%) | 26 (66.7) | 11 (47.8) | 0.23 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3340 (3020–3770) | 3600 (3340–3760) | 0.24 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 5.0 (1.5–8.9) | No measurement taken | Not applicable |
| Pregnancy cholestasis, n (%) | 5 (12.8) | 0 | 0.19 |
| Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 4 (10.3) | 3 (13.0) | 0.94 |
| Gestational hypertension, n (%) | 4 (10.3) | 2 (8.7) | 0.81 |
| Treatment of GDM through diet, n (%) | 30 (76.9) | None | Not applicable |
| Treatment of GDM with insulin, n (%) | 9 (23.1) | None | Not applicable |