Multimodal Neural Assessment for Predicting Post-Stroke Dysphagia: Identifying Critical Risk Factors Using Combined Indicators

Qian Zhang; Shuang Wu; Yangmei Shi; Qian Chen; Jiajie Gao; Sijie Sun; Jing Zhang

doi:10.12659/MSM.948637

29 August 2025 : Database Analysis

Multimodal Neural Assessment for Predicting Post-Stroke Dysphagia: Identifying Critical Risk Factors Using Combined Indicators

Qian Zhang^{ACEF 1,2}, Shuang Wu^{A 1,2*}, Yangmei Shi^{BCD 2}, Qian Chen^{BCD 2}, Jiajie Gao^{BCD 2}, Sijie Sun^{B 1}, Jing Zhang^{B 1}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948637

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948637

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Table 3 Results of variance inflation factor test.

Variables	Tolerance	VIF
Age	0.780	1.282^*
Stroke location	0.931	1.074^*
MBI	0.949	1.053^*
NIHSS	0.949	1.054^*
Cp	0.927	1.079^*
PA	0.924	1.082^*
SD	0.784	1.275^*
Ipsilateral MEP	0.858	1.166^*
Contralateral MEP	0.929	1.076^*
RPFC	0.147	6.787
RS1	0.197	5.075
LPFC	0.108	9.282
LM1	0.066	15.184
LS1	0.061	16.409
MPFC	0.129	7.782
^* Variables of VIF coefficients NIHSS – National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; MBI – modified Barthel index; Cp – clustering coefficient; PA – peak amplitude; SD – swallowing duration; MEP – motor-evoked potentials; LPFC – left prefrontal cortex; RPFC – right prefrontal cortex; MPFC – middle dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; LM1 – left primary motor cortex; RM1 – right primary motor cortex; LS1 – left primary sensory cortex; RS1 – right primary sensory cortex.

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Multimodal Neural Assessment for Predicting Post-Stroke Dysphagia: Identifying Critical Risk Factors Using Combined Indicators

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