25 July 2025 : Clinical Research
Neurofilament Light Chain and Disability Measures as Predictors of Cognitive Decline in Early Multiple Sclerosis
Vera Taluntiene ABCDEF 1*, Natasa Giedraitiene ADE 1, Rasa Kizlaitiene AE 1, Mantas Vaisvilas DE 1, Gintaras Kaubrys
ACDE 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948757
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948757
Table 4 Logistic regression models predicting cognitive impairment.
| Dependent variable | Regression modelsLn(p/(1-p))= β0 + β1X1 + β2X2 + β3X3 | F2 | p (F2) | Significant independent variables | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Exp(B), 95% CI | p | ||||
| SDMT(−) | −5.14 + 0.08 × age - 0.58 × - 0.84 × sex + 0.33 × | 0.507 | <0.001 | EducationNHPT | 0.56 (0.343–0.914)1.39 (1.080–1.810) | 0.020.012 |
| −3.89 + 0.05 × age - 0.48 × education - 2.61 × sex + 1.33 × T25FWT + 0.143 × sNfL | 0.591 | <0.001 | T25FWT | 3.94 (1.547–10.038) | 0.006 | |
| −1.75 + 0.09 × - 0.30 × education - 1.48 × sex + 0.34 × | 0.422 | <0.001 | AgesNfL | 1.089 (1.017–1.167)1.403 | 0.0140.051 | |
| BVMT-R(−) | 2.77 + 0.04 × age - 0.59 × - 0.87 × sex + 0.48 × EDSS + 0.03 × CSF | 0.466 | <0.001 | EducationCSF NfL | 0.544 (0.340–0.901)1.033 (1.004–1.064) | 0.0170.024 |
| −0.05 + 0.02 × age - 0.66 × - 0.37 × sex + 0.21 × NHPT + 0.03 × | 0.478 | <0.001 | EducationCSF NfL | 0.518 (0.303–0.885)1.031 (1.001–1.061) | 0.0160.045 | |
| 1.22 – 0.003 × age – 0.56 × - 1.13 × sex + 0.86 × T25FWT + 0.03 × CSF-NfL | 0.448 | 0.003 | EducationT25FWT | 0.572 (0.342–0.956)2.368 (1.107–5.063) | 0.0330.026 | |
| −0.31 + 0.02 × age - 0.64 × + 0.245 × + 0.03 × sNfL | 0.391 | 0.004 | EducationNHPT | 0.523 (0.332–0.843)1.278 (1.010–1.616) | 0.0070.043 | |
| CVLT-II(−) | −1.247 + 0.034 × age - 0.031 × education - 1.39 × + 0.01 × CSF-NfL | 0.163 | 0.032 | Sex | 0.249 (0.087–0.711) | 0.009 |
| −1.112 + 0.031 × age - 0.04 × education - 1.38 × + 0.12 × sNfL | 0.160 | 0.034 | Sex | 0.252 (0.089–0.717) | 0.010 | |
| COG(−) | −0.837 + 0.07 × – 0.11 × education – 1.56 × - 0.16 × EDSS + 0.03 × CSF NfL | 0.312 | <0.001 | AgeSexCSF NfL | 1.068 (1.018–1.120)0.210 (0.069–0.644)1.027 (1.003–1.052) | 0.0070.0060.027 |
| −0.849 + 0.06 × - 0.12 × education - 1.46 × - 0.01 × NHPT + 0.02 × XΣΦ NφΛCSF NfL | 0.297 | <0.001 | AgeSexCSF NfL | 1.061 (1.010–1.114)0.232 (0.075–0.719)1.024 (1.000–1.048) | 0.0190.0110.048 | |
| BVMT-R – Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised; CI – confidence interval; CSF – cerebrospinal fluid; CVLT-II – California Verbal Learning Test II; EDSS – Expanded Disability Status Scale; Exp(B) – Odd’s ratio; F – effect size; NfL – neurofilament light chain; NHPT – Nine-Hole Peg Test; SDMT – Symbol Digit Modalities Test; T25FWT – Timed 25-Foot Walk Test. – significant independent variables. | ||||||