13 June 2025 : Clinical Research
Validation of the Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI) among Taiwanese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Yin-Han Wang ABCDEFG 1, Tsung-Ming Yang
BDEG 2,3, Tien-Pei Fang BDE 3, Huang-Tzu Ou ADE 4,5, Szu-Chun Yang ADE 6, Chun-Mei Huang ABCEFG 7*, Mark D. Griffiths DE 8, Chung-Ying Lin ACDEF 9,10,11,12,13
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948762
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948762
Table 5 Feature comparisons between adherent and non-adherent participants (N=235).
| Variable | Mean (SD) | t (P value) | Cohen’s d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adherent (n=170) | Non-adherent (n=65) | |||
| Agreement on “” | 0.41 (0.87) | 0.77 (1.10) | 2.35 (0.02) | |
| Age (in years) | 73.00 (10.32) | 70.05 (9.62) | 2.00 (0.047) | |
| Number of comorbidities | 1.14 (1.00) | 1.05 (1.15) | 0.59 (0.56) | 0.08 |
| COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score | 6.38 (4.89) | 6.43 (5.67) | 0.07 (0.94) | 0.01 |
| Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) score | 1.50 (1.36) | 1.37 (1.28) | 0.67 (0.50) | 0.10 |
| Illness duration (in years) | 4.38 (2.65) | 4.46 (2.72) | 0.21 (0.83) | 0.03 |
| Technique correctness | 98.79 (4.88) | 97.19 (7.80) | 1.88 (0.06) | |
| Cohen’s >0.2 are in bold, indicating small or above. | ||||