01 August 2025 : Review article
Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease: A Systematic Review
Katarzyna Słomczyńska
ABCDEF 1*, Maciej Dubaj ABCDEF 2, Julia Matuszewska AE 1, Oliwer Sygacz AE 3, Rafał Krzysztof Kreft AE 3, Anna Matuszewska AE 4, Łukasz Matuszewski ADEFG 3
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948956
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948956
Table 1 Role of non-coding RNAs in pathogenesis of LCPD [13–40].
| Research | Study group | Studied material | Molecule | Expression | Targets | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Luo et al (2017)[]13 | Children aged 2–15 with LCPD (n=20), healthy controls (n=20) | Cartilage, DEX-treated TC28 cells | miR-206 | ↑ | Promotion of chondrocytes apoptosis; association with the effect of dexamethasone | |
| Zhu et al (2019)[]15 | Children aged <14 with LCPD (n=20), healthy controls (n=20) | Serum, cartilage, DEX-treated TC28 cells | miR-214 | ↓ | Bax | Promotion of chondrocytes apoptosis; association with the effect of dexamethasone |
| Lan et al (2023)[]22 | Children aged <14 with LCPD (n=20), healthy controls (n=20) | Serum, cartilage, DEX-treated TC28 cells | exos-miR-214-3p | ↓ | ATF7/TLR4 | Promotion of apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing inflammation by decreasing macrophage M2 polarization |
| RUNX1/VEGFA | Inhibition of angiogenesis | |||||
| Lan et al (2024)[]24 | Children aged <14 with LCPD (n=20), healthy controls (n=20) | Serum, cartilage, DEX-treated TC28 cells | circCDR1as | ↑ | miR-214-3p | Promotion of apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing inflammation by decreasing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibition of angiogenesis |
| Huang et al (2022)[]27 | Patients aged 4–12 with LCPD (n=13), healthy controls (n=13) | plasma | miR-3133miR-4644miR-4693-3pmiR-4693-5p | ↑ | MAPK, Ras, cAMP, PI3K-Akt | Promotion of endothelial pathology |
| miR-3133miR-141-3pmiR-30amiR-4693-3pmiR-4693-5p | Promotion of osteoclastogenesis | |||||
| Zhang et al (2023)[]33 | Rabbit model: rabbits with LCPD (n=5), healthy controls (n=3) | Rabbit model | miR-1085-5pmiR-12093-3pmiR-324-3pmiR-1128-3pmiR-1357-5pmiR-1872-5pmiR-2101-5pmiR-246-3pmiR-2557-3pmiR-2568-3pmiR-2584-3pmiR-2768-3pmiR-3128-5pmiR-3625-5pmiR-3717-5pmiR-3757-5pmiR-392-3pmiR-4011-3pmiR-4164-5pmiR-4209-3pmiR-431-5pmiR-4408-3pmiR-4603-3pmiR-647-5pmiR-25-5pmiR-324-3pmiR-574-5pmiR-874-3pmiR-9851-3pHIF3ALOC103350994LOC108178457LOC108176261LOC108178064LOC103345386 | ↓ | Disruption of angiogenesis, increased inflammatory response | |
| Wang et al (2022)[]35 | Patients with LCPD (n=9), healthy controls (n=6) | Periosteum | ENST00000426023n335581n335613n335645n335724n339347n339477n339841n344751n384135 | ↓ | ILKVCL RRASTLN1ITGA5PDGFRB | Coagulation dysfunction, abnormality of vascular structure and function |
| n341128TCONS_00006096-XLOC_002707TCONS_00025273-XLOC_012079 | ↑ | |||||
| Yang et al (2025)[]40 | Rabbit model (n=2) | Cartilage cells | miR-223-5p | ↓ | CHAC2Wnt/β-catenin | Upregulation promoting repair of cartilage and chondrogenesis |
| DEX – dexamethasone; LCPD – Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease; ↑ – upregulation; ↓ – downregulation; n – number. | ||||||