04 December 2025 : Clinical Research
Early Postpartum IL-10 and IL-37 Concentrations in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Kamila Gorczyca
ABCDEFG 1*, Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar ADG 1, Małgorzata Maria Koziol BCD 2, Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak A 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949081
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e949081
Table 3 Comparison of GDM and control groups by family history, addictions, and physical activity.
| Variable | Control Group [n=50] | GDM Group [n=30] | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median [IQR] or n (%) | |||
| 3210 [2800–3600] | 3040 [2540–3500] | 0.3376a | |
| 0.3329c | |||
| Macrosomia | 7 (14%) | 7 (23.2%) | |
| Fetal growth restriction | 2 (4%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Normal | 41 (82%) | 23 (76.7%) | |
| 0.0494b | |||
| Yes | 19 (38%) | 19 (63.3%) | |
| No | 31 (62%) | 11 (36.7%) | |
| 0.0426b | |||
| Yes | 14 (28%) | 16 (53.3%) | |
| No | 36 (72%) | 14 (46.7%) | |
| 0.0070c | |||
| Every day | 0 (0%) | 4 (13.3%) | |
| A few times per week | 8 (16%) | 0 (0%) | |
| A few times per month | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Never | 41 (82%) | 26 (86.7%) | |
| 0.0133c | |||
| Every day or >3 times per week for ≥30 min | 5 (10%) | 1 (3.3%) | |
| 3 times per week for ≥30 min | 0 (0%) | 6 (20%) | |
| 3 times per week for <30 min | 11 (22%) | 3 (10%) | |
| Fewer than 3 times per week | 2 (4%) | 2 (6.7%) | |
| I have not exercised | 32 (64%) | 18 (60%) | |
| <0.0001c | |||
| ≥4 times per week | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2–3 times per week | 1 (2%) | 3 (10%) | |
| 2–4 times per month | 6 (12%) | 6 (20%) | |
| ≤1 time per month | 32 (64%) | 1 (3.3%) | |
| Never | 10 (20%) | 20 (66.7%) | |
| * Statistically significant result; a Mann-Whitney U test; b Fisher’s exact test; c Chi-square test. GDM – gestational diabetes mellitus; IQR – interquartile range. | |||