Evaluation of Hand-Grip Strength Measurement Using the Pablo Virtual Reality System in Young Adults

Justyna Leszczak; Natalia Wołoszyn; Justyna Brożonowicz; Krzysztof Bylicki; Gabriela Ciąpała; Joanna Grzegorczyk; Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej

doi:10.12659/MSM.949357

29 July 2025 : Clinical Research

Evaluation of Hand-Grip Strength Measurement Using the Pablo Virtual Reality System in Young Adults

Justyna Leszczak

^{ABCDEF 1,2*}, Natalia Wołoszyn

^{ABCDE 1,2}, Justyna Brożonowicz

^{BDEF 1,2}, Krzysztof Bylicki^{BCD 1,2}, Gabriela Ciąpała^{BCF 2}, Joanna Grzegorczyk

^{CDF 3}, Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej

^{ACDF 1,2}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949357

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e949357

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Table 5 Consistency of measurements for the assessment of lateral grip strength for the right and left hand.

Study	Investigator	Measurements				Differences				P	r	ICC	CV	SEM	Cronbach’s alpha
Study	Investigator	χ̄	SD	Med.	s2	χ̄	SD	Med.	s2	P	r	ICC	CV	SEM	Cronbach’s alpha

I	1	3.06	1.76	2.75	3.08	0.01	0.21	0.00	0.05	0.522	0.991	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	28.54	0.22	0.998
I	2	3.08	1.74	2.75	3.04	0.01	0.21	0.00	0.05	0.522	0.991	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	28.68	0.23	0.998
II	1	3.05	1.74	2.65	3.04	0.03	0.29	0.00	0.08	0.228	0.984	0.992 (0.988–0.995)	28.89	0.23	0.996
II	2	3.06	1.75	2.75	3.05	0.03	0.29	0.00	0.08	0.228	0.984	0.992 (0.988–0.995)	28.59	0.22	0.996
I	1	3.06	1.76	2.75	3.08	−0.05	0.21	0.00	0.04	0.012	0.992	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	28.54	0.22	0.998
II	1	3.05	1.74	2.65	3.04	−0.05	0.21	0.00	0.04	0.012	0.992	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	28.89	0.23	0.998
I	2	3.08	1.74	2.75	3.04	−0.03	0.16	0.00	0.03	0.047	0.995	0.997 (0.996–0.998)	28.68	0.23	0.999
II	2	3.06	1.75	2.75	3.05	−0.03	0.16	0.00	0.03	0.047	0.995	0.997 (0.996–0.998)	28.59	0.22	0.999

I	1	2.82	1.70	2.50	2.89	0.00	0.22	0.00	0.05	0.892	0.992	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	29.70	0.23	0.998
I	2	2.83	1.70	2.50	2.88	0.00	0.22	0.00	0.05	0.892	0.992	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	29.24	0.22	0.998
II	1	2.80	1.71	2.50	2.93	−0.02	0.30	0.00	0.09	0.583	0.983	0.992 (0.988–0.994)	29.93	0.23	0.996
II	2	2.81	1.70	2.50	2.90	−0.02	0.30	0.00	0.09	0.583	0.983	0.992 (0.988–0.994)	29.60	0.23	0.996
I	1	2.82	1.70	2.50	2.89	−0.03	0.21	0.00	0.04	0.111	0.992	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	29.70	0.23	0.998
II	1	2.80	1.71	2.50	2.93	−0.03	0.21	0.00	0.04	0.111	0.992	0.996 (0.994–0.997)	29.93	0.23	0.998
I	2	2.83	1.70	2.50	2.88	−0.05	0.13	0.00	0.02	<0.001	0.997	0.998 (0.997–0.999)	29.24	0.22	0.999
II	2	2.81	1.70	2.50	2.90	−0.05	0.13	0.00	0.02	<0.001	0.997	0.998 (0.997–0.999)	29.60	0.23	0.999
χ̄ – mean; – standard deviation; – median; – variance; – significance assessment of differences of the mean levels of 2 series of measurements (-test for dependent samples); – Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient; ICC – interclass correlation coefficient with 95% confidence interval; CV – coefficient of variation; SEM – standard error of mean.

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Evaluation of Hand-Grip Strength Measurement Using the Pablo Virtual Reality System in Young Adults

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