29 November 2025 : Laboratory Research
Surface Conditioning Methods and Their Effects on Micro-Tensile Bond Strength and Micro-Chemical Properties of Glass-Infiltrated Zirconia: An In Vitro Study
Ashfaq Yaqoob ABCDEFG 1, Mudita Chaturvedi
ADEFG 2*, Saurabh Chaturvedi ABCDEFG 1,3, Mohasin Abdul Khader ADEFG 4, Ghazala Suleman ADEFG 1, Manisha Mangesh Kulkarni ACEFG 5, Shahi Jahan Shah ADEFG 6, Asim Elsir Elmahdi ADEFG 1, Vishwanath Gurumurthy ADEFG 7, Mukhatar Ahmed Javali ADEFG 4, Rania A. Sharif ADEFG 1, Abdul Razzaq Ahmed ADEFG 1, Ahmed Babiker Mohamed Ali ADEFG 8, Rajesh Vyas ACDEFG 7
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949377
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e949377
Table 3 Mean, Standard deviation, standard error, and coefficient of variation of bond strength in 3 groups.
| N | Mean±SD | SE | ANOVA | Sum of squares | Degrees of freedom | Mean sum of squares | F-value | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group I | 10 | 20.27±2.33 | 0.74 | Between groups | 1593.78 | 2 | 796.89 | 241.8317 | 0.00001* |
| Group II | 10 | 28.23±1.53 | 0.48 | Within groups | 88.97 | 27 | 3.3 | ||
| Group III | 10 | 10.41±1.46 | 0.46 | Total | 1682.75 | 29 | |||
| SD – standard deviation; SE – standard error; CV – coefficient of variation; ANOVA – analysis of variance; * Significant at | |||||||||