Manipulator-Free Versus Manipulator-Assisted Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: Are Outcomes Comparable in Experienced Hands?

22 January 2026 : Clinical Research

Baki Erdem^{ABF 1}, Sezgi Güllü Erciyestepe^{ABCEF 1*}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949649

Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e949649

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Table 1 Demographic characteristics and indications for total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH).

	Manipulator (+)		Manipulator (−)		P
	Mean±SD	n (%)	Mean±SD	n (%)	P
Age	51.72±4.86		51.33±5.16		0.251^a
Parity	2.22±1.62		2.07±1.56		0.244^a
Abortion	0.19±0.55		0.15±0.41		0.856^a
Abortion		31 (12.7)		24 (14.5)	0.609^a
Body mass index	27.63±3.01		27.07±3.09		0.125^a
Menopause		133 (54.5)		92 (55.4)	0.855^b
Previous surgery					0.651^b
Laparatomy		13 (5.3)		9 (5.4)
Cesarean delivery		88 (36.1)		50 (30.1)
Laparatomy + cesarean abdominalis		11 (4.5)		9 (5.4)
Surgical procedure					0.208^b
TLH		95 (38.9)		75 (45.2)
TLH + salpingooferectomy		149 (61.1)		91 (54.8)
TLH indication					0.566^b
Fibroid/adenomyosis		105 (43.2)		71 (43.3)
Abnormal uterine bleeding		23 (9.5)		10 (6.1)
Ovarian cyst		14 (5.8)		9 (5.5)
Endometrial hiperplasia		51 (21.0)		28 (17.1)
CIN3		14 (5.8)		13 (7.9)
Carcinoma in situ		16 (6.6)		17 (10.4)
Endometrial cancer		20 (8.2)		16 (9.8)
^a Mann-Whitney U test; ^b Pearson chi-square test.

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