Manipulator-Free Versus Manipulator-Assisted Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: Are Outcomes Comparable in Experienced Hands?

22 January 2026 : Clinical Research

Baki Erdem^{ABF 1}, Sezgi Güllü Erciyestepe^{ABCEF 1*}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949649

Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e949649

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Table 3 Surgical outcomes and complication rates.

Complication	M (+)n (%)	M (−)n (%)	Test/P
Fever (≥37.5 °C)	7 (2.9)	5 (3.0)	0.933^a
Vault hematoma	5 (2)	2 (1.2)	0.706^b
Vault dehiscence	–	–	–
Surgical site infection (trocar)	4 (1.6)	2 (1.2)	1.000^b
Deep vein thrombosis	–	–	–
Urinary tract ınfection	7 (2.9)	6 (3.6)	0.672^a
Need for blood transfusion	4 (1.6)	1 (0.6)	0.652^b
Atelectasis	12 (4.9)	9 (5.4)	0.820^a
Hospital stay (range)	1.40±0.68	1.42±0.84	0.700
Hospital stay ≥2 days	13 (5.3)	11 (6.6)	0.582
Catheterization duration	1.04±0.37	1.03±0.34	0.980
Catheterization duration ≥2 days	3 (1.2)	2 (1.2)	1.000
^a Pearson chi-square test; ^b Fisher exact test.

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