Robot-Assisted vs Fluoroscopy-Guided Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases: A Comparative Study

10 November 2025 : Clinical Research

Yansheng Huang^{DE 1}, Baorong He^{BC 1}, Zhigang Zhao^{CF 1}, Ziying Cheng^{F 1}, Liang Yan^{DG 1*}, Zhen Chang^{A 1}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949817

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e949817

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Table 3 Comparison of VAS back pain score between the 2 groups.

Variables	RA Group (n=40)	FG Group (n=40)	P value
Preop	5.58±0.96	5.65±0.98	0.730
3 days after operation	2.25±0.71^*	3.33±0.53^*	<0.001
Final FU	1.90±0.55^*	1.93±0.42^*	0.818
Within-group effect	F=717.960	P<0.001
Between-group effect	F=12.701	P<0.001
Interaction effect	F=16.840	P<0.001
^* ^# RA – robot-assisted; FG – fluoroscope-guided; FU – follow-up.

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