A Retrospective Study of the Presentation, Imaging Findings, and Outcomes in 195 Patients with Maxillofacial Fractures Treated with Closed Reduction or Open Reduction with Internal Fixation

08 December 2025 : Clinical Research

Halil İbrahim Durmuş

^{ABCDEF 1*}, Mehmet Emrah Polat

^{ADF 2}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.949933

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e949933

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Table 3 Relationships between sex and demographic characteristics of individuals.

Variable	Male		Female		Test statistic	P
Variable	n	%	n	%	Test statistic	P

0–10 years	7	43.8%	9	56.3%	7.456	0.114
11–20 years	44	74.6%	15	25.4%
21–30 years	47	67.1%	23	32.9%
31–40 years	20	76.9%	6	23.1%
≥41 years	14	58.3%	10	41.7%

Assault	33	86.8%	5	13.2%	15.032
Fall	15	44.1%	19	55.9%
Accident	84	68.3%	39	31.7%


Yes	30	66.7%	15	33.3%	0.028	0.867
No	102	68.0%	48	32.0%	0.028	0.867

Yes	107	72.8%	40	27.2%	7.094
No	25	52.1%	23	47.9%	7.094

Yes	11	57.9%	8	42.1%	0.924	0.336
No	121	68.8%	55	31.3%	0.924	0.336


Yes	36	75.0%	12	25.0%	1.555	0.212
No	96	65.3%	51	34.7%	1.555	0.212

Yes	44	77.2%	13	22.8%	3.324	0.068
No	88	63.8%	50	36.2%	3.324	0.068

Yes	24	60.0%	16	40.0%	1.362	0.243
No	108	69.7%	47	30.3%	1.362	0.243

Yes	21	67.7%	10	32.3%	<0.001	0.995
No	111	67.7%	53	32.3%	<0.001	0.995

Yes	27	79.4%	7	20.6%	2.586	0.108
No	105	65.2%	56	34.8%	2.586	0.108

Yes	13	65.0%	7	35.0%	0.074	0.786
No	119	68.0%	56	32.0%	0.074	0.786

Yes	22	66.7%	11	33.3%	0.019	0.890
No	110	67.9%	52	32.1%	0.019	0.890

Yes	13	65.0%	7	35.0%	0.074	0.788
No	119	68.0%	56	32.0%	0.074	0.788

Yes	9	50.0%	9	50.0%	2.838	0.092
No	123	69.5%	54	30.5%	2.838	0.092
n – number of observations; P – Chi-square test of independence

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