27 December 2025 : Clinical Research
COVID-19 on Elective Surgery Outcomes in a Brazilian Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Dilson Palhares Ferreira
ABDEF 1,2*, Cláudia Vicari Bolognani BCDE 3, Luana Argollo Souza Fernandes BCDE 2, Matheus Serwy Fiuza de Morais BCDF 4, Lucas Lourenço Santos Souza BCF 2, Mariah Vicari Bolognani BCEF 4, Giovana Alves Madureira BCDF 2, Levy Aniceto Santana ACDE 3, Fábio Ferreira Amorim ACDEF 1,2,3
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.950488
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e950488
Table 2 Comparison of the scheduled elective surgeries at Hospital Regional de Sobradinho, Federal District, Brazil, across the pre-pandemic (Mar 2018–Feb 2020), lockdown (Ma–Aug 2020), and post-lockdown (Sep 2020–Feb 2022) periods (n=5482).
| Variable | Total (n=5482) | Mar 2018 to Feb 2020 (n=3764) | Mar 2020 to Aug 2020 (n=1070) | Sep 2020 to Feb 2022 (n=648) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 46.8 (17.9) | 46.9 (18.2) | 46.0 (16.9) | 47.3 (17.7) | 0.191 |
| Female, n (%) | 3437 (62.7) | 2323 (61.7) | 691 (64.6) | 423 (65.3) | 0.031 |
| Surgical site, n (%)* | <0.001 | ||||
| Gynecological/mammary | 1456 (26.8) | 917 (24.6) | 325 (30.5) | 214 (33.2) | |
| Orthopedic/trauma | 1186 (21.8) | 849 (22.7) | 245 (23.0) | 92 (14.4) | |
| Digestive | 1372 (25.2) | 968 (25.9) | 239 (22.4) | 165 (25.7) | |
| Skin/soft tissue | 482 (8.9) | 372 (10.0) | 71 (6.7) | 39 (6.1) | |
| Vascular | 417 (7.7) | 248 (6.6) | 106 (9.9) | 63 (9.8) | |
| Renal/urinary tract | 277 (5.1) | 193 (5.2) | 48 (4.5) | 36 (5.6) | |
| Head/neck | 249 (4.6) | 185 (5.0) | 32 (3.0) | 32 (5.0) | |
| Cancelled surgery, n (%) | 897 (16.4) | 684 (18.2) | 116 (10.8) | 97 (15.0) | <0.001 |
| Surgical reintervention, n (%) | 638 (11.6) | 467 (12.4) | 124 (11.6) | 47 (7.3) | <0.001 |
| Hospital mortality, n (%) | |||||
| Total | 227 (4.1) | 157 (4.2) | 44 (4.1) | 26 (4.0) | 0.847 |
| Orthopedic/trauma* | 45 (3.8) | 29 (3.4) | 10 (4.1) | 6 (6.5) | 0.162 |
| Digestive* | 68 (5.0) | 49 (5.1) | 15 (6.3) | 4 (2.4) | 0.352 |
| Gynecological/mammary* | 33 (2.3) | 24 (2.6) | 5 (1.5) | 4 (1.9) | 0.331 |
| Skin/soft tissue* | 24 (5.0) | 17 (4.6) | 3 (4.2) | 4 (10.3) | 0.221 |
| Vascular* | 26 (6.2) | 13 (5.2) | 7 (6.6) | 6 (9.5) | 0.215 |
| Renal/urinary tract* | 21 (7.6) | 17 (8.8) | 4 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.104 |
| Head/neck* | 5 (2.0) | 4 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0.963 |
| * Surgical site was missing in 43 cases. | |||||