23 December 2025 : Clinical Research
Body Weight and Range of Motion as Predictors of Trunk Asymmetry in Children With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Prospective Functional Assessment
Ewa Gajewska
ABCDEF 1*, Aleksandra Bieniaszewska ABE 1, Magdalena Sobieska CDE 2
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.950590
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e950590
Table 2 BMI, BMI z-score, and body status values according to z-scores for patients with spinal muscular atrophy divided according to functional status and trunk parameters. For walkers only, min–max values are given due to the low number. The difference between first and second examinations was calculated using the Wilcoxon test; z and P values are shown.
| Parameter | Examination | Non-sitters, n=9 | Sitters, n=23 | Walkers, n=6; min-max |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI value | First | 13.1±2.0 | 16.1±4.7 | 14.6–25.8 |
| Second | 13.3±2.1 | 16.2±4.8 | 14.5–25.5 | |
| Difference 1 vs 2 examination | −0.32; 0.758 | −0.11; 0.914 | 0.53; 0.617 | |
| BMI z-score | First | −3.87±2.56 | −1.45±2.37 | −0.45–2.14 |
| Second | −3.45±3.02 | −1.62±2.41 | −0.55–1.89 | |
| Difference 1 vs 2 examination | 0.32; 0.759 | 0.95; 0.352 | 2.10; 0.089 | |
| Body status according to BMI z-score, [the number of patients] | First: Underweight | 7 | 10 | 0 |
| Healthy weight | 1 | 9 | 4 | |
| Overweight | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Obesity | 0 | 3 | 1 | |
| Second: Underweight | 6 | 12 | 0 | |
| Healthy weight | 3 | 7 | 4 | |
| Overweight | 0 | 3 | 1 | |
| Obesity | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Number of patients with a change in BMI category | 2 | 6 | 0 | |
| CR-R | First | 69±10 | 68±14 | 60–90 |
| Second | 58±19 | 68±14 | 60–90 | |
| Difference 1 vs 2 examination | 1.52; 0.128 | 0.13; 0.896 | 0.94; 0.345 | |
| CR-L | First | 60±34 | 74±10 | 70–90 |
| Second | 68±21 | 76±13 | 80–85 | |
| Difference 1 vs 2 examination | 0.40; 0.686 | 0,86; 0.390 | 0.94; 0.342 | |
| SATR-U | First | 6±2 | 3±3 | 0 |
| Second | 5±2 | 3±3 | 0–3 | |
| Difference 1 vs 2 examination | 0.36; 0.715 | 0.45; 0.653 | -- | |
| SATR-L | First | 6±2 | 4±4 | 0 |
| Second | 5±4 | 3±3 | 0–4 | |
| Difference 1 vs 2 examination | 0.45; 0.665 | 0.20; 0.842 | 1.34; 0.180 | |
| CR-R – right side cervical rotation; CR-L – left cervical rotation; SATR-U – upper trunk rotation angle; SATR-L – lower trunk rotation angle. | ||||