06 December 2025 : Clinical Research
Differences in Prefrontal Cortex Activation Between Predominantly Positive and Negative Symptom Profiles in Schizophrenia: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Yudiao Liang CD 1, Heping Jiang BCE 1, Bo Liu AE 1, Jie Liao B 1, Yanping Feng B 1, Ruini He AF 1, Sha Zhang BF 1, Youguo Tan AG 1*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.950780
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e950780
Table 1 Demographic characteristics and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores of patients with predominantly positive (PSZ) and predominantly negative (NSZ) symptom schizophrenia. Values are presented as mean±SD or n (%).
| PSZ | NSZ | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Sex | 0.400 | ||||
| Male | 22 | 62.90% | 24 | 68.57% | |
| Female | 13 | 37.10% | 11 | 31.43% | |
| Marital status | 0.320 | ||||
| Married/cohabiting | 8 | 22.9% | 12 | 34.3% | |
| Single | 27 | 77.1% | 23 | 65.7% | |
| Age(years) | 36.030 | 12.867 | 39.770 | 10.440 | 0.230 |
| Education (years) | 9.4 | 2.2 | 9.8 | 1.9 | 0.420 |
| BMI (kg/m) | 24.3 | 4.1 | 23.7 | 3.8 | 0.480 |
| DUP (months) | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 0.080 |
| CPZE (mg/day) | 512.6 | 238.4 | 486.3 | 221.7 | 0.630 |
| BPRS total scores | 55.885 | 6.08649 | 49.807 | 8.280 | 0.002 |
| Anxiety/depression | 10.771 | 3.34388 | 10.692 | 2.494 | 0.920 |
| Lack of vitality | 8.628 | 1.68184 | 13.884 | 2.957 | 0.000 |
| Thought disturbance | 11.628 | 3.71868 | 10.115 | 4.140 | 0.140 |
| Activation | 11.800 | 3.02733 | 6.961 | 2.457 | 0.000 |
| Hostility/suspicion | 13.057 | 2.50814 | 8.153 | 2.257 | 0.000 |
| PSZ – predominantly positive symptom schizophrenia; NSZ – predominantly negative symptom schizophrenia; BPRS – Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; SD – standard deviation; DUP – duration of untreated psychosis; BMI – body mass index; CPZE – chlorpromazine equivalent dose. Data presented as n (%) for categorical variables and mean±SD for continuous variables. | |||||