11 January 2026 : Clinical Research
Non-Surgical Management of Frozen Shoulder Using Manipulation Under Local Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study
Metin Celik
ABCDEF 1, Emre Arikan AEF 2*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.950864
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e950864
Table 2 ROM values.
| Pre-M | Post-M | LC | Pre-M-Post-M-LC1 | Pre-M-Post-M2 | Pre-M-LC2 | Post-M-LC2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean±s.d. | Median (Min–Max) | Mean±s.d. | Median (Min–Max) | Mean±s.d. | Median (Min–Max) | |||||
| EKS | 10.31±4.39 | 10 (0–20) | 12.03±5.80 | 10 (0–25) | 18.91±5.92 | 20 (5–30) | ||||
| FLEKS | 82.34±11.00 | 85 (50–100) | 153.91±15.49 | 160 (90–180) | 161.09±16.69 | 160 (90–180) | ||||
| ABD | 75.62±11.90 | 80 (45–90) | 153.75±15.35 | 160 (90–180) | 157.19±15.86 | 160 (90–180) | ||||
| ADD | 46.88±8.21 | 45 (30–65) | 50.63±11.27 | 47.5 (30–75) | 52.81±12.11 | 50 (30–70) | ||||
| IR | 53.12±10.06 | 57.5 (30–70) | 55.78±9.68 | 60 (30–70) | 57.5±10.55 | 60 (30–75) | ||||
| ER | 18.13±7.59 | 17.5 (5–30) | 23.44±10.88 | 20 (10–45) | 34.37±9.90 | 30 (20–45) | ||||
| 1 Friedman Test; 2 Wilcoxon Test; Pre-M – pre-manipulation; Post-M – post-manipulation; LC – last check. | ||||||||||