05 January 2026 : Clinical Research
Sleep and Quality of Life Before and After Surgery in Patients With Low-Grade Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Bekir Tunç
ABEF 1*, Oğuzhan Uzlu AEF 1, Ömer Faruk Şahin AEG 1, Egemen Ünal CD 2, Ali Yılmaz DE 1, Emin Çağıl ABF 3
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.950921
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e950921
Table 1 Characteristics of participants by age, spondylolisthesis level, etiology, and type.
| Characteristic | Mean±standard deviation |
|---|---|
| Age | 59.87±8.19 |
| Level | |
| L3–L4 | 3 (5.5) |
| L4–L5 | 33 (60.0) |
| L5–S1 | 19 (34.5) |
| Etiology | |
| Degenerative | 25 (45.5) |
| Isthmic | 30 (54.5) |
| Type | |
| Type 1 | 28 (50.9) |
| Type 2 | 27 (49.1) |