Unethical Leadership in Critical Care Teams Can Increase Burnout Among Healthcare Professionals

31 December 2025 : Clinical Research

Marcin Muża

^{ABCDEF 1,2*}, Alicja Kalemba

^{CDEF 1,3}, Paweł Radkowski^{DEF 4,5,6}, Łukasz Grabarczyk^{EF 7}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951155

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e951155

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Table 5 Results of U Mann-Whitney test comparing low versus moderate/high OLBI test results.

OLBI		Self-designed questionnaire
OLBI		Total		Unethical leadership subscale		Flurried leadership subscale
OLBI total	Low (n=65)	22.80±6.54	U=2029=0.017r=0.229^*	14.68±5.48	U=2053=0.022r=0.220^*	8.12±2.80	U=2371=0.301r=0.099
OLBI total	Moderate/high (n=81)	25.46±7.18	U=2029=0.017r=0.229^*	16.85±5.99	U=2053=0.022r=0.220^*	8.60±3.16	U=2371=0.301r=0.099
OLBI exhaustion	Low (n=54)	22.37±6.38	U=1822=0.007r=0.267^*	14.06±5.09	U=1775=0.004r=0.285^*	8.31±3.01	U=2364=0.626r=0.048
OLBI exhaustion	Moderate/high (n=92)	25.39±7.15	U=1822=0.007r=0.267^*	16.96±6.03	U=1775=0.004r=0.285^*	8.43±3.02	U=2364=0.626r=0.048
OLBI disangagement	Low (n=70)	23.11±6.39	U=2157=0.048r=0.189^*	15.13±5.51	U=2283=0.139r=0.142	7.99±2.67	U=2293=0.149r=0.138
OLBI disangagement	Moderate/high (n=76)	25.34±7.41	U=2157=0.048r=0.189^*	16.58±6.10	U=2283=0.139r=0.142	8.76±3.26	U=2293=0.149r=0.138
^* Statistical significance ( values

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