04 January 2026 : Clinical Research
Association of Permanent Atrial Fibrillation With Mortality and Heart Failure Progression in Low Thromboembolic Risk Patients
Kacper Rutkowski
DEF 1, Bartosz Krzowski ABD 1*, Paweł Balsam AD 1, Marcin Grabowski AD 1, Leszek Kraj AD 2, Cezary Maciejewski ABD 1, Piotr Lodziński AD 1, Michał Peller ACDE 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951355
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951355
Table 2 Follow-up outcomes stratified by AF type (permanent vs non-permanent).
| Variable | Overall population (418) | Patients without permanent AF (355) | Patients with permanent AF (63) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Death | 56 (13.4%) | 31 (8.73%) | 25 (39.68%) | <0.0001 |
| Ischemic incident | 38 (9.10%) | 30 (8.45%) | 8 (12.70%) | 0.12 |
| Serious bleeding history | 7 (0.02%) | 6 (1.69%) | 1 (1.59%) | 0.40 |
| Bleeding combined | 85 (20.33%) | 74 (20.85%) | 11 (17.46%) | 0.12 |