09 April 2026 : Clinical Research
Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Complicated by Isolated Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome
Yaping Sun
BCDEF 1,2, Xinyue Bian BCE 1,2, Li Li BCD 2, Lihong Yuan BF 3, Wei Zhang BC 1,2, Wanjun Yin ACDF 4*, Liwu Xu ACDEG 2
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951636
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951636
Table 2 Baseline clinical characteristics of survivors and non-survivors.
| Characteristic | Survivors (n=72) | Non-survivors (n=30) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69.1±14.5 | 73.9±12.5 | 0.121 |
| Sex ratio (Male: Female) | 26: 46 | 16: 14 | 0.126 |
| BG (mmol/L) | 36.4±14.2 | 34.4±11.5 | 0.302 |
| K+ (mmol/L) | 3.9 (3.3, 4.7) | 4.0 (3.4, 5.2) | 0.438 |
| Na+ (mmol/L) | 151.6±14.0 | 154.0±15.3 | 0.449 |
| EPO (mOsm/L) | 348.9±24.3 | 350.0±31.0 | 0.849 |
| Calibration Sodium (mmol/L) | 160.7±12.1 | 161.9±15.2 | 0.662 |
| Cl− (mmol/L) | 117 (103, 126) | 115 (112.6, 124) | 0.520 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 557.5 (361.5, 733) | 645 (466.8, 785) | 0.053 |
| FIB (g/L) | 4.1 (3.2, 5.1) | 4.2 (3.6, 5.4) | 0.238 |
| TRIG (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.2) | 2.1 (1.2, 2.1) | 0.932 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.2) | 2.4 (1.5, 3.1) | 0.935 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 31.9 (6.2, 86.4) | 81.9 (48.9, 120.3) | 0.001 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 2.4 (0.8, 6.0) | 8.9 (2.2, 23.0) | <0.001 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 173.4 (109.8, 238.4) | 283 (176.9, 389.8) | <0.001 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 19.0 (11.4, 28.6) | 37.2 (30.5, 47.3) | <0.001 |
| FDP (mg/L) | 10.8 (4.5, 24.1) | 30.5 (7.9, 44.6) | 0.001 |
| Cys-C (mg/L) | 1.9 (1.4, 2.7) | 4.8 (3.9, 5.4) | <0.001 |
| CCI Score | 3 (2, 5) | 5 (4, 6) | <0.001 |
| Use of LMWH (%) | 47 (65.3%) | 8 (26.7%) | <0.001 |
| Hypokalemia ≤3.5 (mmol/L), n (%) | 25 (34.7%) | 8 (26.7%) | 0.423 |
| Hyperkalemia ≥5.5 (mmol/L), n (%) | 7 (9.7%) | 6 (20.0%) | 0.171 |
| BG – blood glucose; K – serum potassium; Na – serum sodium; Cl – serum chloride; EPO – effective plasma osmolality; UA – uric acid; FIB – fibrinogen; TRIG – triglycerides; LDL – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CRP – C-reactive protein; Cr – creatinine; BUN – blood urea nitrogen; FDP – fibrin degradation products; Cys-C – cystatin C; CCI – Charlson Comorbidity Index; LMWH – low molecular weight heparin. | |||