08 April 2026 : Clinical Research
Efficacy and Safety of Liposomal Bupivacaine in Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Ye Chen
ABCDEF 1, Chunxiao Zhang AD 2, Lanyong Chen B 1, Yong He B 1, Linling Zhang B 1, Songfeng Hu AG 1,2*
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951717
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951717
Table 3 Observed postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) and sleep quality scores (mean±standard deviation) in the liposomal bupivacaine (LB) and ropivacaine groups.
| Item | LB group (n=61) | Ropivacaine group (n=68) |
|---|---|---|
| Resting VAS | ||
| POD 1 | 3.05±0.83 | 3.50±0.95 |
| POD 2 | 2.79±0.71 | 3.32±0.74 |
| POD 3 | 2.49±0.70 | 3.07±0.65 |
| POD 7 | 2.13±0.56 | 2.21±0.70 |
| Active VAS | ||
| POD 1 | 3.92±0.71 | 4.32±0.72 |
| POD 2 | 3.57±0.62 | 4.06±0.57 |
| POD 3 | 3.26±0.66 | 3.93±0.65 |
| POD 7 | 2.75±0.62 | 2.75±0.72 |
| Sleep Quality Score | ||
| POD 0 | 10.98±1.26 | 11.16±1.53 |
| POD 1 | 8.30±1.35 | 9.92±1.34 |
| POD 2 | 6.36±1.54 | 8.24±1.15 |
| Values are presented as estimated marginal means with 95% confidence intervals, derived from linear mixed-effects models adjusted for the following prespecified covariates: age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, disease type, operation time, incision length, and surgical side. Adjusted mean differences and their 95% CIs were calculated from the model using the unrounded estimated marginal means and are presented after rounding. values for time-point comparisons were Bonferroni adjusted. Observed means±SD are provided. | ||