28 February 2026 : Clinical Research
Do Large Language Models Perform Equally Across Languages? A Comparison of Responses to Frequently Asked Questions in Anesthesiology
Hadi Ufuk Yörükoğlu ABCEF 1*, Can Aksu AE 2, Pervez Sultan AE 3, Serkan Tulgar ABEF 4DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951815
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951815
Table 5 Comparison of the English vs Turkish responses.
| ChatGPT (n=11) | DeepSeek (n=11) | |
|---|---|---|
| English answer is much better | 3 (27.3) | 5 (45.5) |
| English answer is slightly better | 6 (54.5) | 3 (27.3) |
| No difference | 0 | 2 (18.2) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 2 (18.2) | 1 (9.1) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 0 | 0 |
| English answer is much better | 9 (81.8) | 3 (27.3) |
| English answer is slightly better | 2 (18.2) | 4 (26.4) |
| No difference | 0 | 3 (27.3) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 0 | 0 |
| Turkish answer is much better | 0 | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is much better | 6 (54.5) | 5 (45.5) |
| English answer is slightly better | 2 (18.2) | 3 (27.3) |
| No difference | 0 | 1 (9.1) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 2 (18.2) | 1 (9.1) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is much better | 4 (36.4) | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is slightly better | 3 (27.3) | 5 (45.5) |
| No difference | 2 (18.2) | 1 (9.1) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 1 (9.1) | 3 (27.3) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is much better | 3 (27.3) | 0 |
| English answer is slightly better | 4 (36.4) | 2 (18.2) |
| No difference | 1 (9.1) | 4 (36.4) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 2 (18.2) | 3 (27.3) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 2 (18.2) |
| English answer is much better | 2 (18.2) | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is slightly better | 6 (54.5) | 4 (36.4) |
| No difference | 2 (18.2) | 2 (18.2) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 0 | 2 (18.2) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 2 (18.2) |
| English answer is much better | 4 (36.4) | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is slightly better | 7 (63.6) | 3 (27.3) |
| No difference | 0 | 7 (63.6) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 0 | 0 |
| Turkish answer is much better | 0 | 0 |
| English answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 3 (27.3) |
| English answer is slightly better | 6 (54.5) | 3 (27.3) |
| No difference | 2 (18.2) | 3 (27.3) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 2 (18.2) | 2 (18.2) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 0 | 0 |
| English answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 0 |
| English answer is slightly better | 5 (45.5) | 3 (27.3) |
| No difference | 3 (27.3) | 6 (54.5) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 0 | 1 (9.1) |
| Turkish answer is much better | 2 (18.2) | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is much better | 0 | 1 (9.1) |
| English answer is slightly better | 5 (45.5) | 3 (27.3) |
| No difference | 5 (45.5) | 5 (45.5) |
| Turkish answer is slightly better | 0 | 0 |
| Turkish answer is much better | 1 (9.1) | 2 (18.2) |