07 February 2026 : Clinical Research
Kinesiophobia in Multiple Sclerosis: Associations with Age, Anxiety, and Physical Activity
Wioletta Mikuľáková
ABCDEF 1*, Lucia Demjanovič Kendrová BDEF 1, Eleonóra Klímová BDE 1, Štefánia Andraščiková EFG 2, Miloslav Gajdoš DEF 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951924
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951924
Table 1 Socio-demographic and clinical data of the patients.
| Parameter | N | % | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 148 | 100.00 | |||
| 42.21±9.84 | Min.21 Max.71 | |||
| Male | 43 | 29.05 | ||
| Female | 105 | 70.95 | ||
| Primary | 2 | 1.35 | ||
| High school | 84 | 56.76 | ||
| Higher education | 62 | 41.89 | ||
| Without restrictions | 46 | 31.08 | ||
| With restrictions | 19 | 12.84 | ||
| Disability pension | 83 | 56.08 | ||
| 10.14±6.70 | Min.1 Max.37 | |||
| Relapsing-remitting | 107 | 72.30 | ||
| Primarily progressive | 12 | 8.11 | ||
| Secondary progressive | 29 | 19.59 | ||
| 4.00 [2.50] | Min.1.0 Max.6.0 | |||
| EDSS 1–3.5 | 68 | 45.95 | Min.1.0 Max.3.5 | |
| EDSS 4–6 | 80 | 54.05 | Min.4.0 Max.6.0 | |
| Yes | 92 | 62.16 | ||
| No | 56 | 37.84 | ||
| EDSS – Expanded Disability Status Scale (0: minimal disability, 10: death due to MS); Disability level (EDSS): EDSS 1–3.5 – no or low degree of disability; EDSS 4–6 – moderate degree of disability; n – number of patients; SD – standard deviation; Me – Median; IQR – Interquartile Range; Min. – minimum values, Max. – maximum values. | ||||