07 February 2026 : Clinical Research
Kinesiophobia in Multiple Sclerosis: Associations with Age, Anxiety, and Physical Activity
Wioletta Mikuľáková
ABCDEF 1*, Lucia Demjanovič Kendrová BDEF 1, Eleonóra Klímová BDE 1, Štefánia Andraščiková EFG 2, Miloslav Gajdoš DEF 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951924
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951924
Table 3 Clinical parameter comparison between low- and high-kinesiophobia groups in multiple sclerosis patients.
| Variable | Low kinesiophobiaN=61 | High kinesiophobiaN=87 | Mann-Whitney U test | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | IQR | Min | Max | Median | IQR | Min | Max | Z | P | effect sizes (r) | |
| General health | 50.00 | 27.50 | 5.00 | 90.00 | 35.00 | 25.00 | 5.00 | 80.00 | −4.467 | −0.367 | |
| Physical function | 70.00 | 45.00 | 10.00 | 100.00 | 62.50 | 40.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | −1.683 | 0.092 | −0.138 |
| Role physical | 50.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 25.00 | 50.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | −2.661 | −0.219 | |
| Body pain | 67.50 | 30.00 | 22.50 | 100.00 | 55.00 | 37.50 | 20.00 | 100.00 | −3.606 | −0.296 | |
| Vitality | 55.00 | 25.00 | 0.00 | 95.00 | 45.00 | 20.00 | 5.00 | 85.00 | −3.257 | −0.268 | |
| Social functioning | 50.00 | 27.50 | 10.00 | 100.00 | 50.00 | 35.63 | 10.00 | 87.50 | −1.616 | 0.106 | −0.133 |
| Role emotional | 67.00 | 83.50 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 16.50 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | −3.306 | −0.272 | |
| Mental health | 64.00 | 26.00 | 20.00 | 92.00 | 52.00 | 20.00 | 28.00 | 96.00 | −3.627 | −0.298 | |
| SF-36 PCS | 56.25 | 41.50 | 20.63 | 93.75 | 44.37 | 28.03 | 14.38 | 93.75 | −3.551 | −0.292 | |
| SF-36 MCS | 61.88 | 27.21 | 12.50 | 90.75 | 40.00 | 26.70 | 16.50 | 81.88 | −4.026 | −0.331 | |
| EDSS | 3.50 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 6.00 | 4.00 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 6.00 | −2.269 | −0.187 | |
| MFIS P | 12.00 | 15.50 | 0.00 | 35.00 | 21.00 | 11.00 | 0.00 | 32.00 | −3.891 | −0.320 | |
| MFIS C | 11.00 | 11.00 | 0.00 | 33.00 | 20.00 | 8.00 | 1.00 | 35.00 | −4.666 | −0.384 | |
| MFIS PS | 3.00 | 3.00 | 0.00 | 8.00 | 4.00 | 3.00 | 0.00 | 8.00 | −3.792 | −0.312 | |
| MFIS | 27.00 | 25.50 | 4.00 | 75.00 | 45.00 | 19.00 | 7.00 | 73.00 | −4.641 | −0.381 | |
| SDS | 48.75 | 11.75 | 27.50 | 69.00 | 55.00 | 15.00 | 35.00 | 69.00 | −3.240 | −0.266 | |
| BAI | 14.00 | 13.00 | 2.00 | 37.00 | 18.00 | 14.00 | 4.00 | 42.00 | −2.575 | −0.212 | |
| GLTEQ | 27.00 | 31.50 | 5.00 | 77.00 | 13.00 | 8.00 | 5.00 | 48.00 | −5.804 | −0.477 | |
| SF-36 – Short Form 36 Health Subject Questionnaire (0: min. quality of life, 100: max. quality of life); SF-36 PCS – physical component summary; SF-36 MCS – mental component summary; EDSS-Expanded Disability Status Scale; MFIS P – Modified Fatigue Impact Scale – physical subscale; MFIS C – Modified Fatigue Impact Scale – cognitive subscale; MFIS PS – Modified Fatigue Impact Scale – psychosocial subscale; MFIS – Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (0: min. fatigue, 84: max. fatigue); SDS – Zung’s Self-Rating Depression Scale (less than 50: no depression, more than 70 severe depression); BAI – Beck Anxiety Inventory (0: minimal anxiety levels, 63: maximal anxiety levels); GLTEQ – Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, n – number of patients; Me – median; IQR – interquartile range; Min. – minimum values; Max. – maximum values; All values are two-tailed. | |||||||||||