08 June 2026 : Clinical Research
Cesarean Scar Pregnancy and Subsequent Obstetric Outcomes: Focus on Postpartum Hemorrhage and Predictive Factors
Xuemin Wei BCDEF 1, Zhida Qian ADEG 1*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.951981
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e951981
Table 4 Clinical characteristics of patients with prior cesarean scar pregnancy who had or did not have postpartum hemorrhage.
| PPH Group (n=20) | Non-PPH Group (n=63) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 34.90±3.13 | 34.19±3.32 | 0.401 |
| BMI ≥28 kg/m | 0 | 1.00 (1.60) | 1.000 |
| Gravidity (times) | 4.25±1.21 | 4.59±1.64 | 0.411 |
| Parity (times) | 2.05±0.39 | 2.11±0.36 | 0.523 |
| Abortion (times) | 2.20±1.11 | 2.48±1.54 | 0.461 |
| Previous cesarean section (times) | 1.15±0.37 | 1.13±0.38 | 0.813 |
| ART | 1.00 (5.00) | 0 | 0.542 |
| Placenta previa | 10.00 (50.00) | 11.00 (17.50) | 0.004 |
| PAS | 15.00 (75.00) | 11.00 (17.50) | <0.001 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 36.88±2.60 | 37.04±2.22 | 0.813 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3217.01±669.32 | 3012.62±632.13 | 0.218 |
| Volume of PPH (mL) | 1568.25±1208.72 | 246.84±92.83 | <0.001 |
| Prepregnancy hypertension | 0 | 1.00 (1.60) | 1.000 |
| Prepregnancy diabetes | 1.00 (5.00) | 1.00 (1.60) | 0.976 |
| Prepregnancy thyroid diseases | 2.00 (10.00) | 5.00 (7.90) | 1.000 |
| Prenatal hemorrhage | 3.00 (15.00) | 4.00 (6.30) | 0.453 |
| Emergency cesarean section | 2.00 (10.00) | 10.00 (15.90) | 0.775 |
| Interval after prior CSP (years) | 2.58±1.82 | 3.05±2.52 | 0.451 |
| Length of amenorrhea (weeks) | 7.91±1.53 | 7.18±1.29 | 0.058 |
| Gestational sac diameter (mm) | 25.18±12.32 | 20.29±9.21 | 0.145 |
| Myometrial thickness (mm) | 3.13±1.52 | 3.43±1.78 | 0.383 |
| UAE | 12.00 (60.00) | 11.00 (17.50) | <0.001 |
| Type of CSP | <0.05 | ||
| I | 2.00 (10.00) | 22.00 (34.92) | |
| II+III | 18.00 (90.00) | 41.00 (65.08) | |
| Data are presented as mean±standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or n (%). ART – assisted reproductive technology; BMI – body mass index; CSP – cesarean scar pregnancy; PAS – placenta accreta spectrum; PPH – postpartum hemorrhage; UAE – uterine artery embolization. | |||