20 March 2026 : Clinical Research
Effect of Baduanjin Exercise and Resistance Band Training on Sarcopenia in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Chen Jiawei ACE 1,2, Li Zeyun AG 1, Yuan Qianwen BC 2, Xiao Le B 1, Li Jie B 1, Peng Kun BF 1, Zhang Linan DE 3*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.952000
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e952000
Table 3 Comparison of change values of appendicular skeletal muscle mass and physical function in the 4 groups before and after intervention.
| Outcome variables | Group | Before | After | P | Δ=post-pre change (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASM (kg) | 0.034 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 13.43±2.27 | 13.39±2.26 | 0.484 | −0.04 (−0.19 to 0.10) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 13.62±2.28 | 13.74±2.18 | 0.350 | 0.12 (−0.15 to 0.40) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 13.99±1.79 | 14.25±1.73 | <0.001 | 0.26 (0.15 to 0.37) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 14.05±2.45 | 14.25±2.63 | 0.023 | 0.19 (0.03 to 0.36) | ||
| ASMI (kg/m) | 0.035 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 5.91±0.59 | 5.89±0.60 | 0.499 | −0.02 (−0.08 to 0.04) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 5.80±0.69 | 5.86±0.72 | 0.286 | 0.06 (−0.06 to 0.18) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 5.88±0.49 | 6.00±0.47 | <0.001 | 0.11 (0.07 to 0.16) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 5.84±0.50 | 5.92±0.56 | 0.028 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.14) | ||
| HGS (kg) | 0.004 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 19.01±6.25 | 19.54±4.85 | 0.791 | 0.53 (−2.21 to 3.28) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 17.05±4.59 | 21.33±5.34 | 0.021 | 4.21 (2.89 to 5.52) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 16.29±4.23 | 21.84±1.42 | <0.001 | 5.55 (4.40 to 6.70) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 16.20±5.36 | 21.14±3.09 | 0.005 | 4.95 (1.74 to 8.16) | ||
| Gait speed (m/s) | 0.003 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 0.71±0.12 | 0.67±0.12 | 0.353 | −0.05 (−0.09 to −0.00) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 0.75±0.11 | 0.78±0.14 | 0.506 | 0.03 (−0.05 to 0.11) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 0.78±0.07 | 0.89±0.08 | <0.001 | 0.12 (0.07 to 0.17) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 0.76±0.06 | 0.83±0.06 | 0.003 | 0.07 (0.05 to 0.09) | ||
| Balance (scores) | 0.093 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 3.06±0.77 | 3.06±1.06 | 0.999 | 0.00 (−0.44 to 0.44) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 3.06±0.44 | 3.69±0.48 | 0.001 | 0.63 (0.30 to 0.96) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 2.73±0.70 | 3.00±1.07 | 0.413 | 0.27 (−0.41 to 0.94) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 2.73±0.59 | 3.00±0.66 | 0.104 | 0.27 (−0.06 to 0.60) | ||
| Gait speed (scores) | 0.012 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 2.81±0.66 | 2.75±0.68 | 0.718 | −0.06 (−0.43 to 0.30) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 2.75±0.58 | 3.13±0.81 | 0.111 | 0.38 (−0.10 to 0.85) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 2.93±0.26 | 3.67±0.49 | <0.001 | 0.73 (0.41 to 1.06) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 2.93±0.26 | 3.53±0.52 | <0.001 | 0.60 (0.32 to 0.88) | ||
| SST (scores) | 0.215 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 2.25±0.58 | 2.00±1.46 | 0.545 | −0.25 (−1.11 to 0.61) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 2.12±0.62 | 2.75±1.34 | 0.155 | 0.63 (−0.26 to 1.51) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 1.73±0.70 | 2.40±1.06 | 0.036 | 0.67 (0.05 to 1.28) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 2.27±0.96 | 2.93±0.70 | 0.040 | 0.67 (0.27 to 1.07) | ||
| SPPB (scores) | 0.021 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 8.12±0.96 | 7.81±1.94 | 0.546 | −0.31 (−1.39 to 0.77) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 7.94±1.00 | 9.56±1.63 | 0.008 | 1.63 (0.49 to 2.76) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 7.40±1.12 | 9.07±1.71 | 0.004 | 1.67 (0.63 to 2.71) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 7.93±1.49 | 9.47±1.64 | <0.001 | 1.53 (0.91 to 2.16) | ||
| TUGT (s) | <0.001 | |||||
| Control group (N=16) | 13.65±3.94 | 14.01±3.94 | 0.203 | 0.36 (−1.78 to 2.50) | ||
| Baduanjin group (N=16) | 13.15±3.19 | 12.36±3.38 | 0.001 | −0.79 (−2.96 to 0.06) | ||
| Resistance band group (N=15) | 13.53±4.05 | 12.09±3.82 | <0.001 | −1.43 (−2.72 to 0.48) | ||
| Mixed exercise group (N=15) | 13.23±2.91 | 12.14±3.06 | 0.001 | −1.09 (−3.48 to 0.84) | ||
| ASM – appendicular skeletal muscle mass; ASMI – appendicular skeletal muscle index; HGS – handgrip strength; SST – sit-to-stand test; SPPB – short physical performance battery; TUGT – timed up-and-go test. | ||||||