25 May 2026 : Clinical Research
Perioperative Glycemic Control and Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Ana Luiza Antony Gomes de Matos da Costa e Silva
ABCDEF 1*, Letícia Maia Zica ABCDEFG 2, Dilson Palhares Ferreira CDEF 1,3, Adda Cecília Batista de Carvalho Vieira CDEF 1, Mauro de Deus Passos CDEF 1, Adegil Henrique Miguel de Melo Silva ABEF 4, Leila Bernarda Donato Gottems DEF 5, Marcio Garrison Dytz ABDF 6, Fábio Ferreira Amorim BCDEF 7
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.952210
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e952210
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants.
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, years, | |
| Mean (SD) | 59.7 (13.0) |
| Median (IQR 25–75%) | 61.0 (51.0–69.0) |
| Female, n (%) | 61 (38.9) |
| Surgery type, n (%) | |
| MR | 79 (50.3) |
| Heart valve | 45 (28.7) |
| HTx | 28 (17.8) |
| Other | 5 (3.2) |
| Corticosteroid use, n (%) | 56 (35.7) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |
| DM | 65 (41.4) |
| SAH | 97 (61.8) |
| Dyslipidemia | 84 (53.5) |
| BMI, Kg/m# | |
| Mean (SD) | 26.7 (5.0) |
| Median (IQR 25–75%) | 26.9 (22.7–30.4) |
| BMI category, n (%)# | |
| Underweight | 7 (4.6) |
| Healthy | 49 (32.2) |
| Overweight | 56 (36.8) |
| Obesity I | 36 (23.7) |
| Obesity II | 2 (1.3) |
| Obesity III | 2 (1.3) |
| Postoperative infection, n (%) | 94 (59.9) |
| Compliance with BGT 70–180 mg/dL, n (%)* | 123 (78.3) |
| At least one episode of hypoglycemia <70 mg/dL, n (%) | 50 (31.8) |
| At least one episode of hyperglycemia >180 mg/dL, n (%) | 130 (82.8) |
| Hospital LOS, days, mean (SD) | 23.0 (19.1) |
| Hospital LOS, median (IQR 25–75%) | 16.0 (9.0–33.0) |
| Hospital mortality, n (%) | 14 (8.9) |
| BGT – blood glucose target; BMI – body mass index; DM – diabetes mellitus; HTx – heart transplantation; IQR – interquartile range; LOS – length of stay; MR – myocardial revascularization; SAH – systemic arterial hypertension; SD – standard deviation. * Defined as maintaining glucose values within this range in ≥70% of measurements. # BMI was missing in 5 cases. | |