24 May 2026 : Meta-Analysis
Utility of Acupuncture Therapy for Adult Chronic Daily Headache Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yuxi Nie ABCDEFG 1, Ruiyi Jing ABCDEFG 2, Ziyi Song DEF 1, Hong Zheng DEG 1*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.952359
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e952359
Table 4 GRADE evidence profile for all outcomes (treatment period).
| No. of studies | Certainty assessment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | |
| 7 | Randomized trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None |
| 12 | Randomized trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None |
| 17 | Randomized trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None |
| 9 | Randomized trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None |
| 9 | Randomized trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None |
| 7 | 199 | 199 | – | SMD 0.32 lower (0.52 to 0.12 lower) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate | |
| 12 | 420 | 406 | – | SMD 0.72 lower (0.96 to 0.48 lower) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate | |
| 17 | 549 | 542 | – | SMD 0.63 lower (1.01 to 0.26 lower) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate | |
| 9 | 267 | 258 | – | SMD 1.18 lower (1.77 to 0.58 lower) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate | |
| 9 | 219 | 212 | – | SMD 0.51 lower (0.78 to 0.24 lower) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate | |