Association Between Polymorphisms of 4 Common Genes and High Myopia Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis

Qianqian Yu; Chao Sun; Tianhua Xie; Ningzhi Wangyang; Jun Shao; Yong Yao

doi:10.12659/MSM.952771

26 June 2026 : Meta-Analysis

Association Between Polymorphisms of 4 Common Genes and High Myopia Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis

Qianqian Yu^{BC 1*}, Chao Sun^{DE 1}, Tianhua Xie^{FG 1}, Ningzhi Wangyang^{DE 1}, Jun Shao^{BE 1}, Yong Yao^{DF 1}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.952771

Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e952771

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Table 2 Characteristics of included studies about polymorphisms in 4 different genes and HM risk.

Author	Year	Country	Ethnicity	Gene	SNP	Case	Control	SOC
Kunceviciene et al []¹⁴	2018	Lithuania	White		rs634990	176	96	PB
Duan et al []¹⁷	2013	China	Asian		rs634990	300	290	HB
Liu et al []²⁰	2021	China	Asian		rs3743123	445	445	PB
Liu et al []¹⁹	2019	China	Asian		rs3743123	265	268	PB
Liu et al []¹⁹	2019	China	Asian		rs3743123	312	309	PB
Mi et al []²³	2022	China	Asian		rs4373767	233	256	HB
Kuang et al []¹⁸	2014	China	Asian		rs4373767	535	895	PB
Liu et al []²²	2019	China	Asian		rs4373767	605	211	PB
Liu et al []²⁴	2019	China	Asian		rs4373767	343	210	PB
Kuang et al []¹⁸	2014	China	Asian		rs4428898	535	895	PB
Liu et al []²²	2019	China	Asian		rs4428898	603	209	PB
Liu et al []²⁴	2019	China	Asian		rs4428898	343	210	PB
Kuang et al []¹⁸	2014	China	Asian		rs10779363	525	905	PB
Liu et al []²²	2019	China	Asian		rs10779363	1175	264	PB
Liu et al []²⁴	2019	China	Asian		rs10779363	343	210	PB
Kuang et al []¹⁸	2014	China	Asian		rs7544369	532	906	PB
Liu et al []²²	2019	China	Asian		rs7544369	599	213	PB
Liu et al []²⁴	2019	China	Asian		rs7544369	343	210	PB
Liu et al []²¹	2025	China	Asian		rs1799750	302	143	PB
Nakanishi et al []¹⁵	2010	Japan	Asian		rs1799750	716	542	PB
Liu et al. 21]	2025	China	Asian		rs17576	309	141	PB
Li et al []¹⁶	2022	China	Asian		rs17576	103	113	PB
HB – hospital-based; PB – population-based; SOC – source of control; PCR – polymerase chain reaction; HWE – Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the control group; SNP – single-nucleotide polymorphism.
Author	Case			Control			HWE	Genotype	NOS
Author	MM	MW	WW	MM	MW	WW	HWE	Genotype	NOS
Kunceviciene et al []¹⁴	28	105	43	41	42	13	0.669	Real-Time PCR	8
Duan et al []¹⁷	74	149	77	78	134	78	0.196	TaqMan SNP	7
Liu et al []²⁰	15	131	299	16	170	259	0.061	Agena MassARRAY	8
Liu et al []¹⁹	5	92	168	15	99	154	0.861	Sequenom MassARRAY	8
Liu et al []¹⁹	13	91	208	7	117	185	0.019	Sequenom MassARRAY	8
Mi et al []²³	56	108	69	60	120	76	0.347	MPCR	7
Kuang et al []¹⁸	56	212	267	100	370	425	0.154	TaqMan	7
Liu et al []²²	61	238	306	20	94	97	0.685	TaqMan	8
Liu et al []²⁴	49	158	136	35	115	60	0.094	TaqMan	8
Kuang et al []¹⁸	56	212	267	100	370	425	0.154	TaqMan	7
Liu et al []²²	55	237	311	20	92	97	0.787	TaqMan	8
Liu et al []²⁴	48	163	132	37	116	57	0.096	TaqMan	8
Kuang et al []¹⁸	55	205	265	96	375	434	0.266	TaqMan	7
Liu et al []²²	101	454	620	18	119	127	0.158	TaqMan	8
Liu et al []²⁴	47	162	134	35	116	59	0.083	TaqMan	8
Kuang et al []¹⁸	51	207	274	94	371	441	0.226	TaqMan	7
Liu et al []²²	51	228	320	16	96	101	0.292	TaqMan	8
Liu et al []²⁴	40	170	133	35	115	60	0.094	TaqMan	8
Liu et al []²¹	36	139	127	21	60	62	0.305	MassARRAY	8
Nakanishi et al []¹⁵	74	313	329	60	227	255	0.378	TaqMan	8
Liu et al. 21]	18	119	172	8	51	82	0.984	MassARRAY	7
Li et al []¹⁶	5	48	50	7	54	52	0.148	Sequenom MassARRAY	7
HB – hospital-based; PB – population-based; SOC – source of control; PCR – polymerase chain reaction; HWE – Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the control group; SNP – single-nucleotide polymorphism.

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Association Between Polymorphisms of 4 Common Genes and High Myopia Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis

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