26 May 2026 : Laboratory Research
Comparative Evaluation of Polymeric and Metal Ultrasonic Tips for the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide From Root Canals
Ahmet Akay
ABDEF 1, Seda Erkan Akay ABDEF 1*, Mehmet Emin Doğan CD 2, Fatma Adıyaman Portakal B 1, Ayşe Beyza Gişi B 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.952774
Med Sci Monit 2026; 32:e952774
Table 1 Comparison of residual Ca(OH)2 areas (mm2) among groups.
| (I) Irrigation group | (J) Irrigation group | Mean difference (I–J) | Std. error | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUA | 2.043* | 0.281 | <0.001 | |
| PUA | 2.018* | 0.281 | <0.001 | |
| PUA | −0.025 | 0.281 | 1.000 | |
| * Bonferroni post-hoc test; CNI – conventional needle irrigation; MUA – metal ultrasonic activation; PUA – polymer ultrasonic activation. | ||||