11 July 2025 : Clinical Research
Audiological and Middle Ear Outcomes in Ukrainian Soldiers with Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Perforation
Roman Barylyak
ABDEF 1, Piotr H. Skarżyński ABDE 2,3*, Paulina Deja ACEF 4, Aleksandra Kołodziejak CEF 4, Dmytro O. Horoliuk AB 5, Henryk Skarżyński AB 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948326
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948326
Figure 1 A typical C-shaped central perforation of the tympanic membrane, similar to a “kidney bean” shape but ripped fragment of the tip of the malleus handle wrapped in the tympanic membrane, including on the inner side. A cholesteatoma formed in the area of the auricle. The lower edge of the perforation is smooth, thickened, with possible downward wrapping of membrane fragments.