Cluster Analysis of the Associations among Physical Frailty, Cognitive Impairment and Mental Disorders

15 September 2020: Clinical Research

Ljiljana Trtica Majnarić ^12ACDEF , Sanja Bekić ^34ABDEF* , František Babič ^5CDEG , Ľudmila Pusztová ^5CDE , Ján Paralič ^5CDEG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.924281

Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924281

Table 3 Distributions of pre-frail and frail individuals, and those with mild cognitive impairment, across the clusters.

			Within clusters				p-Value*	All
			HF	CI	CF	PhyF	p-Value*	All
		N	89	20	0	0	0.000	109
		% within a cluster	55.3%	31.7%	0.0%	0.0%		41.4%
		N	71	43	3	0	0.000	117
		% within a cluster	44.1%	68.3%	14.3%	0.0%		44.5%
		N	1	0	18	18	0.000	37
		% within a cluster	0.6%	0.0%	85.7%	100.0%		14.1%
All		N	161	63	21	18	0.000	263
All		% within a cluster	100,0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%		100.0%
Education^**	Primary school	N	8	17	8	4		37
	Primary school	% within a cluster	44.4%	36.2%	42.1%	57.1%		40.7%
	High school	N	7	26	9	2		44
	High school	% within a cluster	38.9%	55.3%	47.4%	28.6%		48.4%
	Academic level	N	3	4	2	1		10
	Academic level	% within a cluster	16.7%	8.5%	10.5%	14.3%		10.9%
All			18	47	19	7	0.000	91
			11.1%	74.6%	90.5%	38.9%		34.6%
			161	63	21	18		263
HF – highly functional; CI – cognitive impairment; CF – cognitive frailty; PhyF – physical frailty. ^* Pearson Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact test, where appropriate; ^ MMSE cut-offs for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) adjusted for level of education levels in Croatian individuals aged ≥65 years set at ≤24 for education ^* Primary high academic education – HF (33.5% 56.0% 10.5%); CI (57.0% 35.0% 8.0%); CF (66.7% 28.6% 4.7%); PhyF (66.7% 33.3% 0%); All (44.1% 47.1% 8.8%); inter-cluster differences (Pearson Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact test and the Games-Howell post-hoc test): HF>CI, p=0.034; HF>CF, p=0.051; HF>PhyF, p=0.009.