19 December 2020: Database Analysis
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Liver Injury
Dali Zhang 1ABCE* , Zhenyu Zhu 1BDF* , Jingfeng Bi 2C , Danni Feng 1F , Lijuan Zhang 1CD , Hongling Liu 1DE#* , Yinjie Gao 1ADFG#*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.928849
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e928849
Table 1 Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with liver injury.
| Variable | No. (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=40) | Normal ALT (n=24) | Elevated ALT (n=16) | P | |
| Age(y) | 46.38±3.11 | 41.58±3.94 | 46.5 (39.5, 75.5) | 0.064 |
| Gender | 0.755 | |||
| Male | 21 (52.5%) | 12 (50%) | 9 (56.3%) | |
| Female | 19 (47.5%) | 12 (50%) | 7 (43.8%) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 7 (17.5%) | 2 (8.3%) | 5 (31.3%) | 0.094 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4 (10%) | 2 (8.3%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 |
| Cardiac disease | 1 (2.5%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Kidney disease | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Liver disease | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 37 (92.5%) | 22 (91.7%) | 15 (93.8%) | 1 |
| Cough | 24 (60%) | 18 (75%) | 6 (37.5%) | 0.112 |
| COVID-19 severity | 0.025 | |||
| No severe | 30 (75%) | 21 (87.5%) | 9 (56.3%) | |
| Severe | 10 (25%) | 3 (12.5%) | 7 (43.8%) | |
| Laboratory finding | ||||
| WBC (×10) | 4.49 (3.78, 5.63) | 4.73±0.23 | 4.38 (3.78, 6.04) | 0.978 |
| Neutrophil (×10) | 2.67 (1.95, 3.71) | 2.36 (1.76, 3.53) | 2.89 (2.03, 4.14) | 0.147 |
| LYN (×10) | 1.42 (1.11, 1.64) | 1.44 (1.16, 1.74) | 1.23±0.127 | 0.092 |
| Hemoglobin (g/l) | 135.26±2.12 | 136.25±2.80 | 135.19±3.42 | 0.811 |
| Platelet (×10) | 179.18±7.92 | 175.79±10.54 | 181.44±11.79 | 0.728 |
| GLU (mmol/l) | 5.45 (5.1, 6.7) | 5.3 (4.95, 5.75) | 5.6 (5.3, 7.15) | 0.083 |
| CHOL (mmol/l) | 3.7±0.16 | 3.95 (3.15, 4.25) | 3.69±0.23 | 0.608 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.14 (0.89, 1.51) | 1.13 (0.94, 1.46) | 1.16±0.11 | 0.714 |
| Creatinine (umol/l) | 77.1±2.24 | 72.4±4.06 | 81.33±3.53 | 0.033 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 40 (36, 42.5) | 40 (37.5, 43.5) | 37.87±1.40 | 0.304 |
| TBil (umol/l) | 10.7 (7.5, 15.3) | 11.15 (8.15, 14.85) | 11.63±1.34 | 0.934 |
| ALT (U/l) | 18 (14, 27.5) | 19 (13.5, 28) | 17.5 (14.5, 26) | 0.75 |
| AST (U/l) | 24 (21.5, 27.5) | 25 (21.5, 27.5) | 24 (21.5, 28.5) | 0.76 |
| ALP (U/l) | 64 (53.5, 80) | 64 (56.5, 74) | 62.5 (48.5, 85.5) | 0.772 |
| GGT (U/l) | 19.5 (13.5, 37) | 16.5 (13, 40.5) | 21 (17, 29.5) | 0.384 |
| LDH (U/l) | 214.48±6.57 | 213.71±7.94 | 218±12.17 | 0.888 |
| INR | 1.05 (1, 1.12) | 1.04 (1, 1.07) | 1.09 (1.02, 1.13) | 0.399 |
| D-Dimer (mg/l) | 0.24 (0.19, 0.49) | 0.24 (0.17, 0.33) | 0.42 (0.23, 0.6) | 0.177 |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 1.62 (1.45, 1.96) | 1.51 (1.37, 1.94) | 1.74 (1.61, 2.03) | 0.067 |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 43.97 (12.9, 132.8) | 32.59 (10.59, 79.8) | 37.2 (21.56, 299.35) | 0.603 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 8.52 (4.9, 32.3) | 6.3 (2.32, 8.36) | 32.3 (24.1, 41.18) | 0.00 |
| IL6 (pg/ml) | 16.4 (6.94, 28.11) | 10.38 (5.57, 16.56) | 26.66 (7.31, 40.64) | 0.021 |
| PCT (ng/ml) | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) | 0.05 (0.04, 0.07) | 0.059 |
| ESR (mm/60 min) | 15.5 (8, 36) | 12 (8, 25) | 38.87±6.36 | 0.02 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 355.9 (207.3, 4544) | 294.3 (97.18, 432.3) | 384.3 (280.3, 521.3) | 0.133 |
| Total T cell (count/ul) | 803.22±54.02 | 891.14±71.11 | 680.13±74.42 | 0.053 |
| CD4 level (count/ul) | 440.92±32.36 | 485.29±43.67 | 378.8±44.70 | 0.062 |
| CD8 level (count/ul) | 344.42±24.86 | 390.24±31.39 | 280.27±35.14 | 0.013 |
| WBC – white blood cell; LYN – lymphocyte; 3 GLU – blood glucose; CHOL – cholesterol; TG – triglyceride; TBil – total bilirubin; ALT – alanine transaminase; AST – aspartate aminotransferase; ALP – alkaline phosphatase; GGT – gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; LDH – lactate dehydrogenase; INR – International Normalized Ratio; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide; CRP – c-reactive protein; IL6 – interleukin 6; PCT – procalcitonin; ESR – erythrocyte sedimentation rate. | ||||