19 September 2021: Clinical Research
Risk Factors and Prognosis of New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease Following Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Yi Duan 1BCD* , Zuozhi Li 2EF* , Xiaoyu Wang 1BF* , Lei Cui 1B , Zhifeng Gao 1A* , Huan Zhang 1A*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.931834
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931834
Table 1 Demographic and characteristics of the 174 patients, stratified by NOCKD.
| Variable | NOCKD (n=29) | non-CKD (n=145) | Z/t/χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (χ̄±s, yr) | 49.38±12.76 | 52.14±10.16 | −1.280 | 0.202 |
| Gender (Male) [n (%)] | 19 (65.5) | 117 (80.7) | 3.259 | 0.071 |
| BMI (χ̄±s, kg/m) | 24.06±3.63 | 23.79±3.80 | 0.350 | 0.727 |
| MELD score (χ̄±s) | 21.14±12.69 | 12.75±6.03 | 5.466 | 0.000 |
| Ascites [n (%)] | 16 (55.2) | 68 (46.9) | 0.663 | 0.416 |
| Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 16 (55.2) | 22 (15.2) | 22.652 | 0.000 |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 2 (10.5) | 27 (18.6) | 2.392 | 0.122 |
| HBV [n (%)] | 16 (55.2) | 79 (54.5) | 0.005 | 0.946 |
| HCV [n (%)] | 0 (0) | 7 (4.8) | 1.459 | 0.227 |
| Alcoholic cirrhosis [n (%)] | 2 (10.5) | 11 (7.6) | 0.017 | 0.897 |
| Other cirrhosis [n (%)] | 5 (17.2) | 18 (12.4) | 0.491 | 0.483 |
| Hepatic echinococcosis [n (%)] | 0 (0) | 6 (4.1) | 1.243 | 0.265 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma [n (%)] | 13 (44.8) | 77 (53.1) | 0.663 | 0.416 |
| Other chronic liver diseases [n (%)] | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | 0.203 | 0.653 |
| Baseline hemoglobin (χ̄±s, g/L) | 96.83±27.51 | 111.64±25.78 | −2.792 | 0.006 |
| Baseline albumin (χ̄±s, g/L) | 32.69±5.31 | 35.94±8.41 | −1.963 | 0.051 |
| Baseline ALT [M(IQR), U/L] | 31.8 (21.75, 53.1) | 29.8 (20.2, 52.7) | 0.175 | 0.861 |
| Baseline sCr (χ̄±s, μmol/L) | 62.13±41.61 | 65.63±21.60 | −0.656 | 0.513 |
| Baseline Sodium (χ̄±s, mmol/L) | 137.65±5.38 | 136.74±16.84 | 0.282 | 0.778 |
| Donor age (χ̄±s, yr) | 49.45±11.88 | 50.68±10.53 | −0.560 | 0.576 |
| WIT [M(IQR), s] | 361 (55, 432) | 313 (5, 431) | −0.495 | 0.621 |
| CIT (χ̄±s, minutes) | 443.76±151.79 | 417.70±149.06 | 0.857 | 0.393 |
| Operation duration (χ̄±s, h) | 9.87±1.84 | 9.85±2.71 | 0.056 | 0.956 |
| Anhepatic phase (χ̄±s, minutes) | 80.45±31.19 | 77.10±43.96 | 0.390 | 0.697 |
| Crystalloids (χ̄±s, ml) | 3723.28±1547.14 | 4180.77±1762.86 | −1.299 | 0.196 |
| 5% albumin (χ̄±s, ml) | 2884.48±1362.71 | 2922.32±1325.27 | −0.139 | 0.889 |
| RBC [M(IQR), U] | 8 (4,10) | 4 (2,9.25) | 1.154 | 0.248 |
| FFP [M(IQR), ml] | 600 (400, 800) | 400 (0, 700) | 3.049 | 0.002 |
| Blood loss (χ̄±s, ml) | 1224.14±895.09 | 1311.46±1096.51 | −0.402 | 0.688 |
| Urine output (χ̄±s, ml) | 2140.52±1355.67 | 2219.28±1135.98 | −0.330 | 0.742 |
| Norepinephrine [M(IQR), ug] | 691.50 (181.72, 2848.30) | 843.75 (164.35, 2288.90) | 0.387 | 0.699 |
| Hypotension duration (χ̄±s, min) | 27.24±13.77 | 22.36±10.71 | 2.127 | 0.035 |
| BMI – body mass index; MELD – model of end-stage liver disease; HBV – hepatitis B virus; HCV – hepatitis C virus; ALT – alanine aminotransferase; sCr – serum creatinine; WIT – warm ischemia time; CIT – cold ischemia time; RBC – red blood cells; FFP – fresh frozen plasma; the definition of hypotension: systolic blood pressure | ||||