Development of a Practical Screening Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Xiaoju Du; Guanjie Chen; Hailin Zhang; Yuping Liu; Feng Gu; Ying Wang; Lixia Yin

doi:10.12659/MSM.937504

11 October 2022 : Clinical Research

Development of a Practical Screening Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Xiaoju Du^12ABCDEF, Guanjie Chen^3ABCE, Hailin Zhang^1ADG*, Yuping Liu^4BD, Feng Gu^4BF, Ying Wang^2BD, Lixia Yin^5DG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.937504

Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937504

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Table 1 Univariate analysis of associated factors with sarcopenia in patients on maintenance dialysis (MHD).

Variable	MHD (N=589)	Without sarcopenia (n=488)	With sarcopenia (n=101)	P
Age (years)	54 (44, 64)^a	66 (61, 73)^a	52 (42, 59)^a	<0.001^*
Sex				0.356^**
Male	385 (65.4)^b	323 (66.2)^b	62 (61.4)^b
Female	204 (34.6)^b	165 (33.8)^b	39 (38.6)^b
Marital status				0.772^**
Married	479 (81.3)^b	398 (81.6)^b	81 (80.2)^b
Unmarried	51 (8.7)^b	43 (8.8)^b	8 (7.9)^b
Divorced or other	59 (10.0)^b	47 (9.6)^b	12 (11.9)^b
Education level (years)				0.065^*
≤6	281 (33.0)^b	93 (42.7)^b	72 (59.0)^b
6–9	335 (39.3)^b	82 (37.6)^b	37 (30.3)^b
≥9	236 (27.7)^b	43 (19.7)^b	13 (10.7)^b
Monthly income (yuan)				0.351^**
≤3000	553 (64.9)^b	137 (62.8)^b	82 (67.2)^b
>3000	299 (35.1)^b	81 (37.2)^b	40 (32.8)^b
Primary renal disease				0.374^**
Hypertensive	193 (22.7)^b	51 (23.4)^b	23 (18.9)^b
Diabetes	259 (30.4)^b	79 (36.2)^b	56 (45.9)^b
Glomerulonephritis	210 (24.6)^b	24 (11.0)^b	12 (9.8)^b
Polycystic kidney
Others	190 (22.3)^b	64 (29.4)^b	31 (25.4)^b
Duration of dialysis (moths)				0.878^**
<36	375 (44.0)^b	93 (42.7)^b	51 (41.8)^b
≥36	477 (56.0)^b	125 (57.3)^b	71 (58.2)^b
CCI score	3 (0, 5)^a	3 (2, 5)^a	4 (3, 5)^a	<0.001^*
Alb (g/L)	39.90 (36.9, 42.90)^a	40.10 (37.40, 43.20)^a	38.00 (34.70, 42.00)^a	<0.001^*
Hb (g/L)	99.09±19.22^c	99.25±18.77^c	98.29±21.38^c	0.674^#
BUN (mmol/L)	26.17±7.78^c	26.43±7.58^c	24.88±8.61^c	0.067^#
SCr (umol/L)	896.78±261.53^c	936.62±252.13^c	704.30±217.76^c	<0.001^#
Ca (mmol/L)	2.13 (1.99, 2.28)^a	2.13 (1.99, 2.29)^a	2.12 (1.99, 2.25)^a	0.156^*
P (mmol/L)	1.96±10.59^c	1.98±0.59^c	1.89±0.62^c	0.157^#
iPTH (pg/mL)	321.50 (175.20, 539.40)^a	320.87 (177.40, 547.50)^a	322.20 (160.70, 502.30)^a	0.615^*
TC (mmol/L)	3.70 (3.19, 4.35)^a	3.70 (3.18, 4.32)^a	3.71 (3.24, 4.63)^a	0.445^*
TG (mmol/L)	1.26 (0.88, 1.80)^a	1.27 (0.88, 1.85)^a	1.23 (0.84, 1.56)^a	0.150^*
BMI (kg/m)	22.7 (20.4, 25.1)^a	23.4 (20.9, 25.7)^a	20.4 (18.6, 22.5)^a	<0.001^*
MAC (cm)	28.0 (25.5, 30.5)^a	29.0 (26.0, 31.0)^a	26.0 (24.0, 27.5)^a	<0.001^*
CC (cm)	33.2 (30.7, 35.2)^a	33.7 (31.5, 35.7)^a	29.5 (27.7, 30.7)^a	<0.001^*
PA level				<0.001^*
Low	315 (53.5)^b	241 (49.4)^b	74 (73.3)^b
Moderate	258 (43.8)^b	232 (47.5)^b	26 (25.7)^b
High	16 (2.7)^b	15 (3.1)^b	1 (1.0)^b
MQSGA Score	10 (10, 13)^a	10 (10, 13)^a	13 (10, 15)^a	<0.001^*
HADS Score
Anxiety	2 (1, 5)^a	2 (1, 5)^a	3 (1, 5)^a	0.334^*
Depression	6 (2, 9)^a	5 (2, 9)^a	7 (4, 11)^a	0.001^*
^a Median (inter-quartile range); ^b n (%); ^c mean±standard deviation; ^* Mann-Whitney U test; ^** Chi-squared test; ^# test. Alb – albumin; BMI – body mass index; Ca – calcium; BUN – blood urea nitrogen; CC – calf circumference; CCI – Charlson comorbidity index; HADS – Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; Hb – hemoglobin; iPTH – intact parathyroid hormone; MAC – middle-arm circumference; MQSGA – modified quantitative subjective global assessment; P – phosphorus; PA – physical activity; SCr – serum creatinine; TC – total cholesterol; TG – triglycerides.

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Development of a Practical Screening Tool to Predict Sarcopenia in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

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