16 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Usefulness of Detecting Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration of the Lumbosacral Spine
Rafał StaszkiewiczABDEF, Dorian GładyszABDEF, Marcin GralewskiDEF, Kamil BryśEF, Michał GarczarekEF, Marcin GadzielińskiEF, Wiesław MarcolE, Dawid SobańskiB, Beniamin Oskar GrabarekACDEFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.938663
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e938663
Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study group.
| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|
| Over 18 years of age | Under 18 years of age |
| Lumbosacral spine-isolated IVDD of a prolapse/extrusion character determined through MRI | Degeneration of IVD of the lumbosacral spine of a protrusion or sequestration character determined through MRI |
| Discogenic pain and/or symptomatic sciatica without improvement after non-surgical treatment for at least 6 weeks | Previous surgical procedures due to degeneration of IVD of the lumbosacral spine |
| No other coexisting pathologies of the spine | Inflammatory and autoimmune diseases |
| Condition after spine injury | |
| Dementia/mental disorders | |
| Polyneuropathy | |
| Pregnancy | |
| Coexisting diseases, including metabolic diseases | |
| Neoplasms: metastatic tumor in the spine; lymphoma; leukemia; spinal cord tumors; retroperitoneal tumors; primary shaft tumors | |
| Inflammatory diseases: inflammation of the bone elements of the spine | |
| Osteoporosis | |
| Disease duration of no longer than 12 weeks | Duration of disease exceeding 12 weeks or less than 6 weeks |