28 November 2022 : Clinical Research
Ultrasonographic Carotid Artery Flow Measurements as Predictors of Spinal Anesthesia-Induced Hypotension in Elderly Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Hyae Jin Kim1ABEF, Ah-Reum Cho12ACDE, Hanbit Lee1ABEF*, Haekyu Kim12DEF, Jae-Young Kwon12DEF, Hyeon-Jeong Lee12DEF, Christine Kang3BE, Soeun Jeon4BDEF, Nara Kim1BEDOI: 10.12659/MSM.938714
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e938714
Table 1 Patient characteristics.
| Total (N=50) | Non-hypotension (n=33) | Hypotension (n=17) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 71.8±4.6 | 71.0±4.3 | 73.6±5.0 | 0.080 |
| Sex | 0.277 | |||
| Male | 40 (80.0) | 28 (84.8) | 12 (70.6) | |
| Female | 10 (20.0) | 5 (15.2) | 5 (29.4) | |
| Height (cm) | 165.0±7.1 | 165.7±6.9 | 163.9±7.5 | 0.405 |
| Weight (kg) | 64.8±9.4 | 64.9±8.8 | 63.9±10.8 | 0.733 |
| BMI (kg/m) | 23.9±2.5 | 23.6±2.2 | 24.2±3.3 | 0.416 |
| ASA physical status | 0.173 | |||
| I | 3 (6.0) | 3 (9.1) | 0 (0) | |
| II | 44 (88.8) | 27 (81.8) | 17 (100.0) | |
| III | 3 (6.0) | 3 (9.1) | 0 (0) | |
| Operation | 0.466 | |||
| Genitourinary | 34 (68.0) | 23 (69.7) | 11 (64.7) | |
| General | 13 (26.0) | 9 (27.3) | 4 (23.5) | |
| Orthopedic | 3 (6.0) | 1 (3.0) | 2 (11.8) | |
| Past history | ||||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 6 (12.0) | 4 (12.1) | 2 (11.8) | 1.000 |
| Cardiac disease | 24 (48.0) | 15 (45.5) | 9 (52.9) | 0.616 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 (24.0) | 7 (21.2) | 5 (29.4) | 0.728 |
| Pulmonary disease | 9 (18.4) | 4 (12.5) | 5 (31.3) | 0.130 |
| Renal disease | 2 (4.1) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (6.3) | 1.000 |
| Liver disease | 3 (6.1) | 2 (6.1) | 1 (6.3) | 1.000 |
| Autoimmune disease | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | 0.327 |
| Data are mean±standard deviation or number (%).BMI – body mass index; ASA – American Society of Anesthesiologists. | ||||