09 July 2023 : Clinical Research
Dysregulation of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Glucose Metabolism-Related Genes and miRNAs in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Adam Wróblewski
1ABCDEF*, Justyna Strycharz 1ABCDEF, Katarzyna Oszajca 1CE, Piotr Czarny 1E, Ewa Świderska 1BEF, Tomasz Matyjas2EF, Andrzej Zieleniak 3CE, Monika Rucińska2EF, Lech Pomorski 2E, Józef Drzewoski 4EG, Agnieszka Śliwińska 5AEG, Janusz Szemraj 1AEG
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939299
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939299
Supplementary Table 1 Characteristics of 52 study participants. Data is presented as median with an interquartile range, while differences among 3 study groups were evaluated with Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Dunn’s post hoc test. Study groups were as follows: NGM (normal glucose metabolism), IFG (impaired fasting glucose) and T2DM (diabetic).
| Sub. | NGM (11 F/9 M) | IFG (11 F/6 M) | T2DM (12 F/3 M) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | A | 65 (60.5, 71) | 66 (63, 77) | 66 (62, 72) |
| F | 66 (61, 72) | 66 (63, 77) | 65.5 (63, 69) | |
| M | 65 (60, 71) | 67.5 (60, 80) | 72 (62, 77) | |
| FPG [mmol/L] | A | 87.48 (81.54, 92.61) | 107.46 (104.58, 111.42) ()*** | 142.56 (127.26, 150.66) ()*** |
| F | 87.67 (85.68, 92.7) | 107.46 (101.34, 111.6) ()* | 138.42 (128.57, 146.97) ()*** | |
| M | 84.24 (71.1, 92.52) | 107.32 (106.92, 110.34) ()** | 182.7 (100.44, 343.98) ()* | |
| FI [pmol/L] | A | 4.41 (3.26, 9.39) | 8.74 (5.80, 13.80) | 20.53 (18.70, 21.28) ()*** |
| F | 5.37 (4.09, 10.37) | 9.59 (5.20, 13.80) | 19.93 (18.24, 21.16) (), ()* | |
| M | 3.79 (2.55, 4.64) | 8.04 (6.71, 24.90) | – | |
| HOMA-IR | A | 1.01 (0.64, 2.14) | 2.31 (1.60, 3.67) ()* | 3.71 (2.26, 5.79) ()** |
| F | 1.22 (0.79, 2.37) | 2.54 (1.58, 3.67) | 4.50 (2.65, 6.39) ()* | |
| M | 0.79 (0.45, 1.05) | 2.13 (1.83, 6.20) | – | |
| HbA1c [%] | A | 5.5 (5.35, 5.6) | 5.8 (5.7, 5.9) ()*** | 6.7 (6.0, 7.0) (), ()*** |
| F | 5.5 (5.4, 5.6) | 5.9 (5.7, 5.9) ()* | 6.5 (6.05, 6.9) (), ()*** | |
| M | 5.5 (5.2, 5.5) | 5.75 (5.7, 5.8) ()* | 6.7 (5.9, 9.1) ()** | |
| TC [mmol/L] | A | 4.54 (4.01, 5.19) | 3.62 (2.9, 4.1) ()* | 4.84 (2.89, 5.39) |
| F | 4.82 (4.27, 5.39) | 3.95 (3.27, 5.04) | 4.85 (2.92, 5.71) | |
| M | 4.35 (3.50, 4.98) | 2.69 (2.20, 3.80) | 4.72 (2.87, 5.39) | |
| LDL-C [mmol/L] | A | 2.9 (2.35. 3.54) | 2.02 (1.31. 2.5) ()* | 2.78 (1.2. 3.43) |
| F | 3.11 (2.64, 3.75) | 2.22 (1.51, 3.11) | 2.7 (1.03, 3.52) | |
| M | 2.81 (2.00, 3.03) | 1.14 (0.89, 2.20) | 2.93 (1.22, 3.40) | |
| HDL-C [mmol/L] | A | 1.16 (1.02, 1.29) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.45) | 1.19 (1.03, 1.29) |
| F | 1.18 (1.10, 1.29) | 1.15 (1.05, 1.60) | 1.19 (1.07, 1.25) | |
| M | 1.06 (0.97, 1.28) | 1.01 (0.91, 1.16) | 1.29 (0.67, 1.61) | |
| TG [mmol/L] | A | 1.13 (1.03, 1.66) | 1.11 (0.72, 1.32) | 1.65 (1.24, 2.2) () |
| F | 1.08 (1.01, 1.72) | 1.11 (0.85, 1.42) | 1.76 (1.25, 2.26) () | |
| M | 1.49 (1.04, 1.63) | 0.94 (0.69, 1.32) | 1.43 (0.79, 1.86) | |
| TG-HDL | A | 2.52 (2.0, 2.82) | 1.95 (1.34, 2.64) | 3.20 (2.39, 4.27) () |
| F | 2.14 (1.79, 2. 62) | 1.95 (1.34, 2.64) | 3.35 (2.58, 4.25) () | |
| M | 2.59 (2.51, 2.83) | 2.17 (1.32, 3.15) | 2.65 (1.40, 4.89) | |
| Body mass [kg] | A | 74.5 (68, 84) | 75 (67, 93) | 77 (70, 89) |
| F | 72 (67, 80) | 72 (64, 88) | 72 (70, 82.5) | |
| M | 83 (75, 100) | 88 (75, 98) | 90 (77, 90) | |
| BMI [kg/m] | A | 27.48 (25.79, 31.78) | 27.89 (25.64, 30.99) | 30.84 (27.1, 33.91) |
| F | 27.51 (25.85, 32.00) | 27.89 (25.00, 32.72) | 30.31 (27.22, 34.50) | |
| M | 27.44 (25.73, 31.56) | 27.07 (25.95, 30.86) | 31.14 (24.86, 31.14) | |
| Waist circumference [cm] | A | – | – | – |
| F | 91 (88, 102) | 95 (84, 102) | 101.5 (97.5, 109.5) | |
| M | 104 (102, 105) | 102.5 (90, 108) | 115 (102, 117) | |
| WHR | A | – | – | – |
| F | 0.90 (0.85, 0.95) | 0.92 (0.84, 0.95) | 0.93 (0.91, 1.02) | |
| M | 0.98 (0.95, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.92, 0.98) | 1.06 (1.04, 1.09) | |
| Sub. – subjects; A – all study subjects (N=52); F – females (N=34); M – males (N=18); NGM – normal glucose metabolism subjects; IFG – impaired fasting glucose subjects; T2DM – type 2 diabetic subjects; FPG – fasting plasma glucose; FI – fasting insulin; HOMA-IR – homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; HbA1c – glycated hemoglobin; TC – total cholesterol; LDL-C – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG – triglycerides; BMI – body mass index; WHR – waist to hip ratio. (&) – Levels of FI and HbA1c were compared for patients untreated with drugs directly affecting fasting insulin levels (6 subjects were excluded from analysis). Significant differences in comparison to NGM group are denoted by (), while () marks differences among IFG and T2DM groups. */# ≤0.05; ** ≤0.01; *** ≤0.001. Waist circumference and WHR were not shown for group of all study participants as they are indicators strictly associated with sex. | ||||