26 April 2023: Clinical Research
Factors Associated with Sarcopenia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Single-Center Study
Sibel Gulcicek 1ABCDEFG* , Nurhan Seyahi 2ACEFGDOI: 10.12659/MSM.939457
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939457
Table 3 Comparison of demographics of the patients by the presence of probable sarcopenia by handgrip strength testing.
| Parameter | No probable sarcopenia (normal grip strength)N=120 | Probable sarcopenia (low grip strength)N=100 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), X±SD | 60.3±11.8 | 71.42±8.3 | |
| ≥65, N (%) | 59 (49.2) | 87 (87) | |
| 61 (50.8) | 13 (13) | ||
| Gender, N (%) | |||
| Male | 53 (44.2) | 62 (62) | |
| Female | 67 (55.8) | 38 (38) | |
| Anthropometrics, X±SD | |||
| Height, cm | 162.5±9.5 | 160.5±9.95 | 0.151 |
| Weight, kg | 83.4±14.98 | 77.6±12.35 | |
| BMI, kg/m | 31.7±6.1 | 30.2±4.45 | |
| Overweight, N (%) | 0.848 | ||
| 25≤ BMI | 43 (35.8) | 38 (38) | |
| Obesity, N (%) | 0.648 | ||
| BMI ≥30 kg/m | 66 (55) | 51 (51) | |
| Smoking, N (%) | |||
| Current | 21 (17.5) | 19 (19) | 0.911 |
| Ex-smoker | 18 (15) | 21 (21) | 0.326 |
| Alcohol users, N (%) | 5 (4.2) | 4 (4) | 0.950 |
| Comorbidities, N (%) | |||
| DM | 63 (52.5) | 58 (58) | 0.496 |
| HT | 115 (95.8) | 96 (96) | 0.950 |
| CHD | 9 (7.5) | 35 (35) | |
| PVD | 2 (1.7) | 2 (2) | 0.854 |
| CVA | 3 (2.5) | 4 (4) | 0.806 |
| CRD | 2 (1.7) | 3 (3) | 0.836 |
| Others | 16 (13.3) | 7 (7) | 0.191 |
| Statin, N(%) | 22 (18.3) | 31 (31) | |
| Multiple medications (≥4), N (%) | 63 (52.5) | 66 (66) | 0.059 |
| Urea (mg/dL) | 46.4 [16.2–168] | 55.9 [18–225] | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.245 [0.47–7.27] | 1.415 [0.61–7] | |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m) | 55.75±24.81 | 43.09±18.43 | |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 6.38±1.7 | 6.36±1.6 | 0.919 |
| Total protein (g/L) | 7.15±0.5 | 7.1±0.46 | 0.502 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 4.55 [3.3–5.1] | 4.4 [3–5.1] | |
| P/C ratio (mg/gr) | 148 [6–9326] | 242.5 [15–9700] | |
| Ca (mg/dL) | 9.4±0.5 | 9.34±0.53 | 0.115 |
| P (mmol/L) | 3.62±0.69 | 3.73±0.76 | 0.306 |
| PTH (ng/L) | 60.3 [12.2–342.7] | 77.2 [14.3–568] | |
| 25(OH)D (μg/L) | 16.45 [3–52.1] | 17.7 [4.27–60.7] | 0.324 |
| HCO (mmol/L) | 25.75 [14.5–33] | 25.5 [14.6–89.5] | 0.398 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 13.19±1.76 | 12.3±1.65 | |
| HCT (%) | 39.99±4.84 | 37.83±4.76 | |
| PLT (10/L) | 267000 [106000–459000] | 252000 [141000–428000] | 0.110 |
| WBC (10/L) | 7825 [4590–17100] | 7585 [3690–14310] | 0.0643 |
| Ferritin (μg/L) | 63.65 [8–659] | 53.05 [8–831] | 0.543 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 3.38 [0.44–17.8] | 3.2 [0.5–23.2] | 0.363 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 113 [74–299] | 115 [72–364] | 0.207 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.5 [5–12.1] | 7.2 [5.3–41] | 0.685 |
| Acidosis | 8 (6.7) | 10 (10) | 0.515 |
| Anemia | 39 (32.5) | 51 (51) | |
| Proteinuria | |||
| ≥150 mg/gr | 59 (49.2) | 58 (58) | 0.241 |
| >3500 mg/gr | 7 (5.8) | 6 (6) | 0.958 |
| BMI – body mass index; DM – diabetes mellitus; HT – hypertension; CHD – coronary heart disease; PVD – peripheral vascular disease; CVA – cerebrovascular accident; CRD – chronic respiratory disease; ACE – angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARBs – angiotensin receptor blockers; CCBs – calcium channel blockers; ASA – acetylsalicylic acid; Ca – calcium; P – phosphor; PTH – parathyroid hormone; Hb – hemoglobin; HbA1c – hemoglobin A1c; HCT – hematocrit; PLT – platelets; WBC – white blood cells; 25(OH)D – 25 hydroxy vitamin D; HCO – bicarbonate; CRP – C-reactive protein; P/C – protein/creatinine ratio in spot urine; eGFR – estimated glomerular filtration rate. | |||