31 July 2023: Clinical Research
Early Lactate/Albumin and Procalcitonin/Albumin Ratios as Predictors of 28-Day Mortality in ICU-Admitted Sepsis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Fuxing Li 1ABCDEF* , Zhiqiang Ye 2ABCE* , Junqi Zhu 1ABC , Shumin Gu 1BC , Suqin Peng 1BCE , Youling Fang 1BCE , Longhua Hu 1AEF* , Jianqiu Xiong 3ACEF*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.940654
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940654
Table 4 The comparisons of clinical features between the derivation cohort and validation cohort of septic patients.
| Parameter | Total (n=415) | Derivation cohort (n=340) | Validation cohort (n=75) | Z/χ2 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||||
| Age, years | 56.00 (44.00–68.00) | 56.00 (44.25–68.00) | 61.00 (44.00–71.00) | −0.931 | 0.352 |
| Sex (male/female, n) | 248/167 | 198/142 | 50/25 | 1.816 | 0.178 |
| Constants | |||||
| Temperature (°C) | 36.60 (36.40–37.10) | 36.60 (36.40–37.00) | 36.80 (36.40–38.00) | −1.827 | 0.068 |
| Pulse rate (beats/min) | 92.00 (82.00–104.00) | 90.50 (80.00–101.00) | 100.00 (88.00–113.00) | −4.360 | |
| Breath rate (beats/min) | 20.00 (19.00–21.00) | 20.00 (19.00–21.00) | 20.00 (15.00–23.00) | −1.205 | 0.228 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117.00 (103.00–131.00) | 115.00 (101.00–131.00) | 124.00 (110.00–137.00) | −2.458 | 0.014 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.00 (62.00–81.00) | 70.00 (62.00–81.00) | 70.00 (62.00–81.00) | −1.665 | 0.096 |
| Underlying disease (n, %) | |||||
| Hypertension | 99 (23.86) | 82 (24.12) | 17 (22.67) | 0.071 | 0.790 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 98 (23.61) | 89 (26.18) | 9 (12.00) | 6.846 | 0.009 |
| Pleural effusion | 45 (10.84) | 40 (11.76) | 5 (6.67) | 1.652 | 0.199 |
| Blood culture (n,%) | |||||
| Gram-positive rods | 114 (27.47) | 94 (27.65%) | 20 (26.67) | 0.030 | 0.863 |
| Gram-negative rods | 301 (72.53) | 246 (72.35%) | 55 (73.33) | ||
| Laboratory values | |||||
| White blood cells (×10/L) | 11.61 (8.02–16.49) | 11.33 (7.77–16.25) | 12.27 (9.66–17.97) | −2.209 | 0.042 |
| Neutrophils (×10/L) | 9.86 (6.57–14.61) | 9.59 (6.02–13.93) | 10.57 (8.49–15.13) | −2.172 | 0.030 |
| Lymphocytes (×10/L) | 0.82 (0.50–1.29) | 0.84 (0.50–1.32) | 0.71 (0.47–1.08) | −1.555 | 0.120 |
| HCT (%) | 35.2 (30.0–40.6) | 35.2 (30.3–40.4) | 35.0 (28.3–41.4) | −0.047 | 0.962 |
| Platelet (×10/L) | 123.00 (75.00–192.00) | 123.50 (78.00–192.75) | 117.00 (55.00–175.00) | −1.117 | 0.264 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 16.80 (10.80–29.60) | 16.30 (10.70–29.05) | 18.80 (11.70–31.70) | −1.412 | 0.158 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 28.70 (25.80–31.20) | 28.55 (25.70–31.00) | 28.90 (26.70–32.70) | −1.743 | 0.081 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 97.00 (64.00–160.00) | 94.50 (64.00–158.50) | 101.00 (63.00–176.00) | −0.533 | 0.594 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 8.84 (6.44–13.50) | 8.70 (6.48–13.50) | 9.39 (5.68–13.97) | −0.401 | 0.688 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 302.00 (190.00–440.00) | 308.50 (203.25–438.25) | 269.00 (143.00–470.00) | −1.096 | 0.273 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.70 (1.00–2.90) | 1.70 (0.90–2.70) | 1.70 (1.10–3.20) | −1.223 | 0.221 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 117.93 (62.28–179.80) | 119.95 (61.40–177.80) | 104.29 (65.51–182.80) | −0.163 | 0.870 |
| PCT (μg/L) | 2.17 (0.92–9.76) | 2.10 (0.89–8.41) | 3.93 (0.96–13.02) | −1.754 | 0.079 |
| PCT/ALB | 0.077 (0.031–0.367) | 0.073 (0.030–0.325) | 0.131 (0.034–0.480) | −1.521 | 0.128 |
| Lactate/ALB | 0.061 (0.034–0.098) | 0.059 (0.033–0.097) | 0.063 (0.037–0.100) | −0.903 | 0.367 |
| Disease severity | |||||
| SOFA (score) | 6.0 (4.0–8.0) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 8.0 (5.5–10.5) | −5.259 | |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 14.00 (9.00–20.00) | 13.00 (9.00–18.00) | 17.00 (12.00–26.00) | −3.267 | 0.001 |
| HCT – hematocrit; ALT – alanine aminotransferase; AST – aspartate aminotransferase; CRP – C-reactive protein; PCT – procalcitonin; ALB – albumin; SOFA – sequential organ failure assessment; APACHE – acute physiology and chronic health evaluation. | |||||