Impact of Verbal Suggestions on Finger Flexor Activation and Strength in Healthy Individuals

19 September 2023: Clinical Research

Kamil Zaworski ^ABCDEFG* , Monika Kadłubowska ^BCDF , Joanna Baj-Korpak ^CDEG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.941548

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e941548

Table 3 Changes in muscle strength and activation in the groups under study (N=88).

P				Differences in dependent samples				t	p
P				Mean	SD	95% confidence interval for mean differences
Test	Mean	SD	Mean standard error	Mean	SD	Min	Max
Dynamometric measurement (N) before		13.11	2.43	1.03	8.18	−2.08	4.14	0.68	0.067
Dynamometric measurement (N) after		12.72	2.36	1.03	8.18	−2.08	4.14	0.68	0.067
sEMG (μV) before		94.81	17.61	22.81	85.88	−55.48	9.85	−1.43	0.164
sEMG (μV) after		103.89	19.29	22.81	85.88	−55.48	9.85	−1.43	0.164



Dynamometric measurement (N) before		12.00	2.23	−2.06	3.37	0.78	3.34	3.29	0.003^**
Dynamometric measurement (N) after		11.93	2.22	−2.06	3.37	0.78	3.34	3.29	0.003^**
sEMG (μV) before		98.37	18.27	3.69	53.19	−23.92	16.55	−0.37	0.712
sEMG (μV) after		101.92	18.93	3.69	53.19	−23.92	16.55	−0.37	0.712



Dynamometric measurement (N) before		13.99	2.55	2.10	5.22	0.16	4.05	2.21	0.035^*
Dynamometric measurement (N) after		13.19	2.41	2.10	5.22	0.16	4.05	2.21	0.035^*
sEMG (μV) before		97.66	17.83	−6.51	54.56	−26.88	13.87	−0.65	0.519
sEMG (μV) after		117.33	21.42	−6.51	54.56	−26.88	13.87	−0.65	0.519
P – positive information group; N – negative information group; C – control group; N – Newton; μV – microvolt; SD – standard deviation; ^* p≤0.05; ^** p