17 October 2023: Clinical Research
Time-Dependent Factors Influencing Cardiocerebral Vascular Events in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: Insights from a Longitudinal Study
Haowen Zhong 1CDE* , Mengbi Zhang 1CD* , Xiaoyan Su 1DG* , Yuqin Qin 2C , Yanhong Lai 1B , Jianhua Chen 1F , Linqing Chen 1BF , Aiqin Cao 1F , Xun Liu 3AG* , Shaohong Li 4AG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.941553
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e941553
Table 1 Baseline characteristics and survival analysis of hemodialysis (HD) patients.
| Indexes | Values |
|---|---|
| Total cases | 228 |
| Male proportion (%) | 64.76% |
| Age (y) | 55.0±15.0 |
| Dialysis age (y) | 4.0±2.5 |
| Average time for CVCs (y) | 3.1±1.0 |
| Proportion of CVCs | |
| Acute heart failure | 36.14% |
| Hematencephalon | 19.80% |
| Cardiac or brain-derived death | 18.32% |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 10.40% |
| Acute cerebral infarction | 9.41% |
| Other types | 5.93% |
| CVCs-free rate | |
| After 1 year | 97.47% |
| After 3 years | 81.31% |
| After 5 years | 70.71% |
| HD-related indexes | |
| Average dialysis time per week (h) | 9.57±2.31 |
| BFR during HD (ml/min) | 207.29±27.45 |
| Dry weight (Kg) | 57.23±11.16 |
| Anemia-related indexes | |
| HGB (g/L) | 103.20±21.98 |
| HCT (%) | 0.33±0.07 |
| TSAT (%) | 32.49 (23.68–41.07) |
| Inflammation-related indexes | |
| WBC (G/L) | 6.51 (4.95–7.79) |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.93 (0.39–2.72) |
| Biochemical indexes | |
| ALB (g/L) | 37.76±4.78 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 951.40±354.26 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 486.47±136.06 |
| CHOL (mmol/L) | 4.04±0.96 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 314.20 (144.75–591.90) |
| K (mmol/L) | 5.02±0.93 |
| Ca (mmol/L) | 2.17 (2.01–2.32) |
| P (mmol/L) | 1.97 (1.59–2.49) |
| The average dialysis time per week for HD patients was 9.57±2.31 h, with a blood flow rate (BFR) during HD of 207.29±27.45 mL/min. It took an average of 3.1±1.0 years for HD patients to have cardiocerebral vascular events (CVCs). The major types of CVCs were acute heart failure (36.14%), acute hematencephalon (19.80%), and cardiac or brain-derived death (18.32%). Unless stated, the data are presented as mean±SD or P50 (P25–P75). HD – hemodialysis; CVCs – cardiocerebral vascular events; BFR – blood flow rate; HGB – hemoglobin; HCT – hematocrit value; TSAT – transferrin saturation; WBC – white blood cell; CRP – C-reactive protein; ALB – serum albumin; Cr – serum creatinine; UA – uric acid; CHOL – cholesterol; PTH – parathyroid hormone; K – serum potassium; Ca – serum calcium; P – serum phosphorus. | |