Inflammatory Biomarkers in Smokers: Implications for Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy

25 March 2025 : Clinical Research

Eyüp Çetin^{A 1*}, Dilara Başgül Sagiri^{B 1}, Eylem Burcu Kahraman Özlü^{D 1}, Ezgi Akar^{BD 1}, Eray Metin Güler

^{BD 2,3}, Sarper Kocaoğlu^{BC 1}, Hakan Beyaztaş^{BD 2,4}, Emine Demir^{FG 5}

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947508

Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e947508

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Table 5 ROC analysis of TNF-α as a biomarker for smoking-related inflammatory changes in LF tissue.

		AUC area under the curve		% 95 Confidence interval	p
TNFα		0.768		0.631–0.906
TNFα 260 Cut-off		0.801		0.679–0.923

TNFα	≤260	29	9	Sensitivity	66.7%
TNFα	>260	2	18	Positive predictive value (PPV)	90.0%
				Specificity	93.5%
				Negative predictive value (NPV)	76.3%
AUC – area under the curve; CI – confidence interval; TNF-α – tumor necrosis factor-alpha; BMI – body mass ındex; PPV – positive predictive value; NPV – negative predictive value; SD – standard deviation.

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