11 July 2025 : Clinical Research
Audiological and Middle Ear Outcomes in Ukrainian Soldiers with Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Perforation
Roman Barylyak
ABDEF 1, Piotr H. Skarżyński ABDE 2,3*, Paulina Deja ACEF 4, Aleksandra Kołodziejak CEF 4, Dmytro O. Horoliuk AB 5, Henryk Skarżyński AB 1
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.948326
Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e948326
Table 6 Location of pathological lesions (in relation to quadrants).
| Location of perforation (quadrant) | Pathological lesions | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perforation + SELG | Perforation + FAaOLG | Perforation without additional pathological changes (UG) (n=28) | ||||
| Unorganized epidermal masses or epidermis growing into the middle ear cavity (n=17) | Cystic epidermal lesions (cholesteatoma) (n=10) | Wrapping of the edges of the tympanic membrane into the middle ear cavity (n=24) | Advanced adhesions of connective tissue (n=28) | Damage to the ossicular chain (n=10) | ||
| AS | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| AI | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 4 |
| PS | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| PI | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
| AS + AI | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 10 |
| AS + PI* | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| AI + PI | 7 | 6 | 11 | 10 | 1 | 7 |
| PS + PI | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| n – number of pathological lesions; SELG – squamous epithelium lesions group; FAaOLG – fibrotic adhesions and ossicle lesions group; UG – uncomplicated group; AS – anterior-superior; AI – anterior–inferior; PS – posterior–superior; PI – posterior–inferior. * Two small perforations. | ||||||