Background:Publications on investigation of crush syndrome pathogenesis, particularly of enzymatic systems upon traumatic toxicosis are rather limited. Such investigations are necessary for opportune diagnosis and definition of a treatment tactic. To replenish this deficiency, the adenosine deaminase level was studied in 12 rat tissues at experimental crush syndrome in vivo.
Results:The experimental model of crush syndrome on white rats was induced by crush and decompression of femoral muscle tissue. The crush syndrome influence on activity of adenosine deaminase isoenzymes was investigated in hemisphere, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary body, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal, as well as in crushed and native muscles. In 2 and 5 hours after compression, the enzyme activity decreased in muscles, lung and heart; increased in hypothalamus; remains near the control value in kidney and spleen. In cerebellum the parameter practically does not vary during 2 hours compression, while increased in 5 hours. In adrenal, liver, pituitary body and hemisphere the data after 5 hours compression approximated the level of control value in account of compensating mechanism. In 48 hours decompression after 2 hours crush, the adenosine deaminase activity becomes higher than control value in hemisphere, hypothalamus, cerebellum, liver, heart, adrenal, intact muscle, lung and kidney; in the crushed muscle and spleen the activity is reduced down to 60% of control value. In 48 hours decompression after 5 hours compression, the enzyme activity is higher than control value in hypothalamus, pituitary body, hemisphere, cerebellum, kidney, adrenal, heart and lung. The activity is reduced in muscles, spleen and liver.
Conclusions: The level of adenosine deaminase in most of studied tissues differs from the control value depending on compression and decompression time. It is worthy of note that namely during decompression, the enzyme level deviates from the control in the majority of tissues.

Keywords: isoenzymes of adenosine deaminase, activity of enzymes during crush, crush syndrome, decompression after crush, crush of femoral muscle